Kinase inhibitors

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to drug delivery systems comprising ocular implant, which include organic molecules, capable of modulating tyrosine kinase signal transduction in order to regulate, modulate and/or inhibit abnormal cell proliferation, in combination with a polymer, which polymer serves to control, modify, modulate and/or slow the release of the therapeutic component into the environment of the eye in which said composite is placed.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This patent application is a continuation in part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/941,753 filed on Nov. 16, 2007, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,915,443 in the names of Wurster et al. and entitled KINASE INHIBITORS, which is incorporated herein by reference and claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/866,080, filed Nov. 16, 2006, which is also incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to novel compounds capable of modulating, regulating and/or inhibiting tyrosine kinase signal transduction. The present invention is also directed to methods of regulating, modulating or inhibiting tyrosine kinases, whether of the receptor or non-receptor class, for the prevention and/or treatment of disorders related to unregulated tyrosine kinase signal transduction, including cell growth, metabolic, and blood vessel proliferative disorders.

2. Description of the Related Art

Protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) comprise a large and diverse class of proteins having enzymatic activity. The PTKs play an important role in the control of cell growth and differentiation.

For example, receptor tyrosine kinase mediated signal transduction is initiated by extracellular interaction with a specific growth factor (ligand), followed by receptor dimerization, transient stimulation of the intrinsic protein tyrosine kinase activity and phosphorylation. Binding sites are thereby created for intracellular signal transduction molecules and lead to the formation of complexes with a spectrum of cytoplasmic signaling molecules that facilitate the appropriate cellular response (e.g., cell division, metabolic homeostasis, and responses to the extracellular microenvironment).

With respect to receptor tyrosine kinases, it has been shown also that tyrosine phosphorylation sites function as high-affinity binding sites for SH2 (src homology) domains of signaling molecules. Several intracellular substrate proteins that associate with receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) have been identified. They may be divided into two principal groups: (1) substrates which have a catalytic domain; and (2) substrates which lack such domain but serve as adapters and associate with catalytically active molecules. The specificity of the interactions between receptors or proteins and SH2 domains of their substrates is determined by the amino acid residues immediately surrounding the phosphorylated tyrosine residue. Differences in the binding affinities between SH2 domains and the amino acid sequences surrounding the phosphotyrosine residues on particular receptors are consistent with the observed differences in their substrate phosphorylation profiles. These observations suggest that the function of each receptor tyrosine kinase is determined not only by its pattern of expression and ligand availability but also by the array of downstream signal transduction pathways that are activated by a particular receptor. Thus, phosphorylation provides an important regulatory step which determines the selectivity of signaling pathways recruited by specific growth factor receptors, as well as differentiation factor receptors.

Aberrant expression or mutations in the PTKs have been shown to lead to either uncontrolled cell proliferation (e.g. malignant tumor growth) or to defects in key developmental processes. Consequently, the biomedical community has expended significant resources to discover the specific biological role of members of the PTK family, their function in differentiation processes, their involvement in tumorigenesis and in other diseases, the biochemical mechanisms underlying their signal transduction pathways activated upon ligand stimulation and the development of novel drugs.

Tyrosine kinases can be of the receptor-type (having extracellular, transmembrane and intracellular domains) or the non-receptor type (being wholly intracellular).

The RTKs comprise a large family of transmembrane receptors with diverse biological activities. The intrinsic function of RTKs is activated upon ligand binding, which results in phosphorylation of the receptor and multiple cellular substrates, and subsequently in a variety of cellular responses.

At present, at least nineteen (19) distinct RTK subfamilies have been identified. One RTK subfamily, designated the HER subfamily, is believed to be comprised of EGFR, HER2, HER3 and HER4. Ligands to the Her subfamily of receptors include epithelial growth factor (EGF), TGF-α, amphiregulin, HB-EGF, betacellulin and heregulin.

A second family of RTKs, designated the insulin subfamily, is comprised of the INS-R, the IGF-1R and the IR-R. A third family, the “PDGF” subfamily includes the PDGF α and β receptors, CSFIR, c-kit and FLK-II. Another subfamily of RTKs, identified as the FLK family, is believed to be comprised of the Kinase insert Domain-Receptor fetal liver kinase-1 (KDR/FLK-1), the fetal liver kinase 4 (FLK-4) and the fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (flt-1). Each of these receptors was initially believed to be receptors for hematopoietic growth factors. Two other subfamilies of RTKs have been designated as the FGF receptor family (FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4) and the Met subfamily (c-met and Ron).

Because of the similarities between the PDGF and FLK subfamilies, the two subfamilies are often considered together. The known RTK subfamilies are identified in Plowman et al, 1994, DN&P 7(6): 334-339, which is incorporated herein by reference.

The non-receptor tyrosine kinases represent a collection of cellular enzymes which lack extracellular and transmembrane sequences. At present, over twenty-four individual non-receptor tyrosine kinases, comprising eleven (11) subfamilies (Src, Frk, Btk, Csk, Abl, Zap70, Fes/Fps, Fak, Jak, Ack and LIMK) have been identified. At present, the Src subfamily of non-receptor tyrosine kinases is comprised of the largest number of PTKs and includes Src, Yes, Fyn, Lyn, Lck, Blk, Hck, Fgr and Yrk. The Src subfamily of enzymes has been linked to oncogenesis. A more detailed discussion of non-receptor tyrosine kinases is provided in Bolen, 1993, Oncogen 8: 2025-2031, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Many of the tyrosine kinases, whether an RTK or non-receptor tyrosine kinase, have been found to be involved in cellular signaling pathways leading to cellular signal cascades leading to pathogenic conditions, including cancer, psoriasis and hyper immune response.

In view of the surmised importance of PTKs to the control, regulation and modulation of cell proliferation the diseases and disorders associated with abnormal cell proliferation, many attempts have been made to identify receptor and non-receptor tyrosine kinase “inhibitors” using a variety of approaches, including the use of mutant ligands soluble receptors and antibodies RNA ligands and tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

More recently, attempts have been made to identify small molecules which act as tyrosine kinase inhibitors. For example, bis monocyclic, bicyclic or heterocyclic aryl compounds, vinylene-azaindole derivatives and 1-cyclopropyl-4-pyridyl-quinolones have been described generally as tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Styryl compounds, styryl-substituted pyridyl compounds certain quinazoline derivatives seleoindoles and selenides, tricyclic polyhydroxylic compounds and benzylphosphonic acid compounds have been described as compounds for use as tyrosine kinase inhibitors for use in the treatment of cancer.

The identification of effective small compounds which specifically inhibit signal transduction by modulating the activity of receptor and non-receptor tyrosine kinases to regulate and modulate abnormal or inappropriate cell proliferation is therefore desirable and one object of this invention.

Finally, certain small compounds are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,792,783; 5,834,504; 5,883,113; 5,883,116 and 5,886,020 as useful for the treatment of diseases related to unregulated TKS transduction. See also, U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,541,504; 6,559,173; 6,765,012; 6,747,025; 6,699,863; 7,005,444; 7,015,220 and 7,060,844. These patents are hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for the purpose of disclosing starting materials and methods for the preparation thereof, screens and assays to determine a claimed compound's ability to modulate, regulate and/or inhibit cell proliferation, indications which are treatable with said compounds, formulations and routes of administration, effective dosages, etc.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES

FIG. 1 shows the in vitro release profiles of the compound of EXAMPLE 508 from four different implant formulations into a release medium comprising 0.02% polysorbate 80 in 10 mM phosphate buffered saline, pH7.4.

FIG. 2 is SEM images of the longitudinal surfaces of implants before release wherein the left panel is the slow release implants and the right panel is the medium release implants.

FIG. 3 a is SEM images of the longitudinal surfaces of the implants after 6 days in vitro release, wherein the left panel is the slow release implants and the right panel is the medium release implants.

FIG. 3 b is SEM images of the cross-sections of the implants after 6 days in vitro release, wherein the left panel is the slow release implants and the right panel is the medium release implants.

FIG. 4 is SEM images of the cross-sections of the implants after 5 days in rabbit eyes, wherein the left panel is the slow release implants and the right panel is the medium release implants.

FIG. 5 shows diagrammatic representations of the shapes of the pores and the impact of the pores on the surface areas of the implants, wherein the left panel is the slow release implants and the right panel is the medium release implants.

FIG. 6 is GPC chromatograms of implants loaded with 20% of the compound of EXAMPLE 508 in a polymeric matrix comprising R207 and RG503H at a ratio of 50:50 before implantation (green) and after being implanted in rabbit eyes for 5 days (red).

FIG. 7 is GPC chromatograms of implants loaded with 20% of the compound of EXAMPLE 508 in a polymeric matrix comprising R207 and RG503H at a ratio of 50:50 after 5 days in rabbit eyes (green) and 6 days in the release medium at 37° C. in vitro (red)

FIG. 8 is GPC chromatograms of implants loaded with 20% of the compound of EXAMPLE 508 in a polymeric matrix comprising R207 and RG503H at a ratio of 50:50.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to composites of organic molecules capable of modulating, regulating and/or inhibiting tyrosine kinase signal transduction and a polymer, e.g. a bioerodible polymer. Such composites are useful for the treatment of diseases related to unregulated TKS transduction, including cell proliferative diseases such as cancer, restenosis, conditions associated with metabolic diseases such as diabetes, inflammatory diseases vascular proliferative disorders such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and retinopathy of prematurity, autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection. The TKI compounds utilized in the composites, i.e. the ocular implants, of this invention are selected from the compounds represented by formula I, below:

Wherein substitutents listed are illustrated but not limited to the illustrative list set forth below:

-   -   X is CR⁴ or N;     -   Y is CR¹ or N;     -   R¹ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl,         halogen, OR⁴, CN, NO₂, COR⁴, (CH²)_(a)OR⁴, (CH₂)_(a)N(R⁴)₂,         C(O)N(R⁴)₂ and N(R⁴)₂;     -   R² is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen,         alkyl, OR⁴, CN, NO₂, SO₂N(R⁴)₂, COR⁴, (CH₂)_(a)OR⁴,         (CH₂)_(a)N(R⁴)₂, C(O)N(R⁴)₂, N(R⁴)₂ and N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R¹⁰;     -   R³ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen,         alkyl, OR⁴, CN, NO₂, SO₂N(R⁴)₂, COR⁴, (CH₂)_(a)OR⁴,         (CH₂)_(a)N(R⁴)₂, C(O)N(R⁴)₂, N(R⁴)₂ and N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R¹⁰;     -   R⁴ is hydrogen or C₁ to C₄ alkyl;     -   A is selected from the group consisting of C≡C, CH═CH, CH₂CH₂,         CH₂O, CF₂O, OCH₂, OCF₂, O, N(R⁴), C(O), S(O)_(e), NR⁷C(O),         C(O)NR⁷ and N(R⁷)C(O)NR⁷;     -   B is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and         alkyloxyalkyl or B may be a 5 or 6 membered carbocyclic aryl or         heterocyclic aryl group;     -   E is a 5 or 6 membered carbocyclic aryl or heterocyclic aryl         group;     -   E′ is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, CF₃,         (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)OR¹⁰, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(R¹⁰)₂,         (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(OR¹¹)(R¹⁰), (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)(OR¹⁰),         (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R¹⁰)₂, and (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R¹⁰; wherein R⁷ and R⁸ are         selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, hydroxyl, and         alkyl or CR⁷R⁸ may represent a carbocyclic ring of from 3 to 6         carbons; and     -   R¹⁰ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen,         alkyl, hydroxyl, hydroxymethyl, carbocyclic aryl, heterocyclic         aryl, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)OR⁶, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)R⁶,         (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(R⁶)₂ (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(OR⁶)(R⁶),         (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)(R⁶), (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R⁶)₂ and (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R⁶, wherein R⁶         is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, carboalkyl,         alkylamine, alkylhydroxy, and alkyloxyalkyl or R⁶ is a 5 or 6         membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic group;     -   a is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 5;     -   b is an integer of from 2 to 5;     -   c is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 4;     -   d is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 5;     -   e is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 2 and further including         prodrugs, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, racemic mixtures         and enantiomers of said compound.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Compounds of the general formula I, are useful as kinase inhibitors in the composites of this invention. As such, said composites will be useful for treating ocular diseases, i.e. diseases of the eye, related to unregulated tyrosine kinase signal transduction.

Broadly speaking, the eye includes the eyeball and the tissues and fluids which constitute the eyeball, the periocular muscles (such as the oblique and rectus muscles) and the portion of the optic nerve which is within or adjacent to the eyeball. An anterior ocular condition is a disease, ailment or condition which affects or which involves an anterior (i.e. front of the eye) ocular region or site, such as a periocular muscle, an eyelid or an eyeball tissue or fluid which is located anterior to the posterior wall of the lens capsule or ciliary muscles. Thus, an anterior ocular condition primarily affects or involves, the conjunctiva, the cornea, the conjunctiva, the anterior chamber, the iris, the posterior chamber (anterior to the retina but posterior to the posterior wall of the lens capsule), the lens or the lens capsule and blood vessels and nerve which vascularize or innervate an anterior ocular region or site.

A condition of the posterior segment (posterior ocular condition) of the eye is a disease, ailment or condition which significantly affects or involves a tissue or cell type in a posterior ocular region or site (that is, in a position posterior to a plane through the posterior wall of the lens capsule), such as the accordingly located parts of the choroid or sclera, vitreous, vitreous chamber, retina, optic nerve (i.e. the optic disc), and blood vessels and nerves which vascularize or innervate a posterior ocular (or posterior segment) region or site.

Thus, a posterior ocular condition can include a disease, ailment or condition, such as for example, macular degeneration (such as non-exudative age-related macular degeneration and exudative age-related macular degeneration); choroidal neovascularization; acute macular neuroretinopathy; macular edema (such as cystoid macular edema and diabetic macular edema); Behcet's disease, retinal disorders, diabetic retinopathy (including proliferative diabetic retinopathy); retinal arterial occlusive disease; central retinal vein occlusion; uveitis (including intermediate and anterior uveitis); retinal detachment; ocular trauma which affects a posterior ocular site or location; a posterior ocular condition caused by or influenced by an ocular laser treatment; posterior ocular conditions caused by or influenced by a photodynamic therapy; photocoagulation; radiation retinopathy; epiretinal membrane disorders; branch retinal vein occlusion; anterior ischemic optic neuropathy; non-retinopathy diabetic retinal dysfunction, retinitis pigmentosa and glaucoma. Glaucoma can be considered a posterior ocular condition because a therapeutic goal can be to prevent the loss of or reduce the occurrence of loss of vision due to damage to or loss of retinal cells or optic nerve cells (i.e. neuroprotection). The infiltrative growth of new blood vessels can disrupt or destroy nervous tissue; thus the inhibition of angiogenesis can also be considered to provide protection to affected neurons.

Macular edema is a major cause of visual loss in patients, and can accompany a number of pathological conditions, including, without limitation, diabetes, central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Although laser photocoagulation can reduce further vision loss in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME), vision that has already been decreased by macular edema through neural cell death usually does not improve appreciably by use of laser photocoagulation. Currently, there is no FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) approved treatment for macular edema associated with CRVO. For macular edema associated with BRVO, grid laser photocoagulation may be an effective treatment for some patients.

Diabetic macular edema is characterized abnormal leakage of macromolecules, such as lipoproteins, from retinal capillaries into the extravascular space followed by an oncotic influx of water into the extravascular space. The leakage may be caused by or exacerbated by the growth of new blood vessels (angiogenesis). Abnormalities in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) may also cause or contribute to diabetic macular edema. These abnormalities can allow increased fluid from the choriocapillaries to enter the retina or they may decrease the normal efflux of fluid from the retina to the choriocapillaries. The breakdown of the blood-retina barrier at the level of the retinal capillaries and the retinal pigment epithelium may also be accompanied or caused by changes to tight junction proteins. Antcliff R., et al Marshall J., The Pathogenesis Of Edema In Diabetic Maculopathy, Semin Opthalmol 1999; 14:223-232.

Macular edema from venous occlusive disease can result from thrombus formation at the lamina cribrosa or at an arteriovenous crossing. These changes can result in an increase in retinal capillary permeability and accompanying retinal edema. The increase in retinal capillary permeability and subsequent retinal edema can ensue from of a breakdown of the blood retina barrier mediated in part by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a 45 kD glycoprotein. It is known that VEGF can increase vascular permeability; possibly by increasing phosphorylation of tight junction proteins such as occludin and zonula occluden. Similarly, in human non-ocular disease states such as ascites, VEGF has been characterized as a potent vascular permeability factor (VPF).

Ocular conditions which can be treated or addressed in accordance with the present invention include, without limitation, the following:

Maculopathies/retinal degeneration: macular degeneration, including age related macular degeneration (ARMD), such as non-exudative age related macular degeneration and exudative age related macular degeneration, choroidal neovascularization, retinopathy, including diabetic retinopathy, acute and chronic macular neuroretinopathy, central serous chorioretinopathy, and macular edema, including cystoid macular edema, and diabetic macular edema. Uveitis/retinitis/choroiditis: acute multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy, Behcet's disease, birdshot retinochoroidopathy, infectious (syphilis, lyme, tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis), uveitis, including intermediate uveitis (pars planitis) and anterior uveitis, multifocal choroiditis, multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS), ocular sarcoidosis, posterior scleritis, serpignous choroiditis, subretinal fibrosis, uveitis syndrome, and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. Vascular diseases/exudative diseases: retinal arterial occlusive disease, central retinal vein occlusion, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, branch retinal vein occlusion, hypertensive fundus changes, ocular ischemic syndrome, retinal arterial microaneurysms, Coat's disease, parafoveal telangiectasis, hemi-retinal vein occlusion, papillophlebitis, central retinal artery occlusion, branch retinal artery occlusion, carotid artery disease (CAD), frosted branch angitis, sickle cell retinopathy and other hemoglobinopathies, angioid streaks, familial exudative vitreoretinopathy, Eales disease. Traumatic/surgical: sympathetic ophthalmia, uveitic retinal disease, retinal detachment, trauma, laser, PDT, photocoagulation, hypoperfusion during surgery, radiation retinopathy, bone marrow transplant retinopathy. Proliferative disorders: proliferative vitreal retinopathy and epiretinal membranes, proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Infectious disorders: ocular histoplasmosis, ocular toxocariasis, presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS), endophthalmitis, toxoplasmosis, retinal diseases associated with HIV infection, choroidal disease associated with HIV infection, uveitic disease associated with HIV Infection, viral retinitis, acute retinal necrosis, progressive outer retinal necrosis, fungal retinal diseases, ocular syphilis, ocular tuberculosis, diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis, and myiasis. Genetic disorders: retinitis pigmentosa, systemic disorders with associated retinal dystrophies, congenital stationary night blindness, cone dystrophies, Stargardt's disease and fundus flavimaculatus, Bests disease, pattern dystrophy of the retinal pigmented epithelium, X-linked retinoschisis, Sorsby's fundus dystrophy, benign concentric maculopathy, Bietti's crystalline dystrophy, pseudoxanthoma elasticum. Retinal tears/holes: retinal detachment, macular hole, giant retinal tear. Tumors: retinal disease associated with tumors, congenital hypertrophy of the RPE, posterior uveal melanoma, choroidal hemangioma, choroidal osteoma, choroidal metastasis, combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigmented epithelium, retinoblastoma, vasoproliferative tumors of the ocular fundus, retinal astrocytoma, intraocular lymphoid tumors. Miscellaneous: punctate inner choroidopathy, acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy, myopic retinal degeneration, acute retinal pigment epithelitis and the like.

As stated in the BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION the TKI compounds utilized in the composites, i.e. the ocular implants, of this invention are selected from the compounds represented by formula I, below:

Wherein substitutents listed are illustrated but not limited to the illustrative list set forth below:

-   -   X is CR⁴ or N;     -   Y is CR¹ or N;     -   R¹ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl,         halogen, OR⁴, CN, NO₂, COR⁴, (CH²)_(a)OR⁴, (CH₂)_(a)N(R⁴)₂,         C(O)N(R⁴)₂ and N(R⁴)₂;     -   R² is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen,         alkyl, OR⁴, CN, NO₂, SO₂N(R⁴)₂, COR⁴, (CH₂)_(a)OR⁴,         (CH₂)_(a)N(R⁴)₂, C(O)N(R⁴)₂, N(R⁴)₂ and N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R¹⁰;     -   R³ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen,         alkyl, OR⁴CN, NO₂, SO₂N(R⁴)₂, COR⁴, (CH₂)_(a)OR⁴,         (CH₂)_(a)N(R⁴)₂, C(O)N(R⁴)₂, N(R⁴)₂ and N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R¹⁰;     -   R⁴ is hydrogen or C₁ to C₄ alkyl;     -   A is selected from the group consisting of C≡C, CH═CH, CH₂CH₂,         CH₂O, CF₂O, OCH₂, OCF₂, O, N(R⁴), C(O), S(O)_(e), NR⁷C(O),         C(O)NR⁷ and N(R⁷)C(O)NR⁷;     -   B is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and         alkyloxyalkyl or B may be a 5 or 6 membered carbocyclic aryl or         heterocyclic aryl group;     -   E is a 5 or 6 membered carbocyclic aryl or heterocyclic aryl         group;     -   E′ is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, CF₃,         (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)OR¹⁰, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(R¹)₂,         (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(OR¹⁰)(R¹⁰), (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)(OR¹⁰),         (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R¹⁰)₂, and (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R¹⁰; wherein R⁷ and R⁸ are         selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, hydroxyl, and         alkyl or CR⁷R⁸ may represent a carbocyclic ring of from 3 to 6         carbons; and         R¹⁰ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen,         alkyl, hydroxyl, hydroxymethyl, carbocyclic aryl, heterocyclic         aryl, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)OR⁶, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)R⁶,         (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(R⁶), (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(OR⁶)(R⁶),         (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)(OR⁶), (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R⁶)₂ and (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R⁶, wherein         R⁶ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen,         carboalkyl, alkylamine, alkylhydroxy, and alkyloxyalkyl or R⁶ is         a 5 or 6 membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic group;     -   a is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 5;     -   b is an integer of from 2 to 5;     -   c is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 4;     -   d is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 5;     -   e is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 2 and further including         prodrugs, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, racemic mixtures         and enantiomers of said compound.

Preferably, B is a carbocyclic aryl or heterocyclic aryl represented by formula II below:

wherein said carbocyclic aryl and heterocyclic aryl groups are selected from the group consisting of:

wherein R is selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂H, CH₂CN, CN, SR⁶, OP(O)(OR⁶)₂, OCH₂O, HC═N—NH, N═CH—S, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)R⁶, O(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)R⁶, N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)R⁶, C(O)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)R⁶, S(O)_(e)(CR⁷)_(a)C(O)R⁶, (CR⁷R⁸)C(O)OR⁶, O(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)OR⁶, N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)OR⁶, C(O)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)OR⁶, S(O)_(e)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)OR⁶, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, O(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, C(O)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, S(O)_(e)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R⁶)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, O(CR⁷R⁸)_(b)N(R⁶)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(b)N(R⁶)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, C(O)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R⁶)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, S(O)_(e)(CR⁷R⁸)N(R⁶)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(OR⁶)(R⁶), O(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(OR⁶)(R⁶), N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(OR⁶)(R⁶), C(O)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(OR⁶)(R⁶), S(O)_(e)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(OR⁶)(R⁶), (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)(OR⁶), O(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)(OR⁶), N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)(OR⁶), C(O)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)(OR⁶), S(O)_(e)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)(OR⁶), (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R⁶)₂, O(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R⁶)₂, N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(b)N(R⁶)₂, C(O)(CR⁷R⁸)N(R⁶)₂ S(O)_(e)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R⁶)₂, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R⁶, O(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R⁶, N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R⁶, C(O)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R⁶ and, S(O)_(e)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R⁶.

Most preferably R⁶ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, dilower alkyl amine or a heterocyclic group represented by the list below or N(R⁶)₂ may represent a 3 to 7 membered heterocyclic group,

wherein R⁵ is hydrogen, halogen, simple alkyl, CF₃, hydroxyl, OR⁷, N(R⁷)₂ or NO2.

Preferably, E is a 5 or 6 membered carbocyclic aryl or heterocyclic aryl represented by formula III below:

wherein said carbocyclic aryl and heterocyclic aryl is selected from the group consisting of:

The most preferred compounds for use in the composites of this invention are selected from the group consisting of 3-[4-(S-methyl-N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}-ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}sulfonimidoyl)phenyl]propanoic acid,

-   (S)—N-[(3-{4-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl}propyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide     and -   N-{[2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]     (oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide.

In the present invention there is provided a drug delivery system comprising a therapeutic component, comprising one or more of the above compounds, in combination with a polymer to form a composite of said therapeutic component and said polymer, said composite being configured and suitable for insertion into the eye of a patient suffering from an ocular disease or condition, wherein said polymer serves to control, modify, modulate and/or slow the release of the therapeutic component into the environment of the eye in which said composite is placed.

Intraocular Implant

In a first aspect of the ocular composite of this invention there is provided an intraocular implant in accordance with the disclosure herein which comprises a therapeutic component, i.e. a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and a drug release sustaining polymer component associated with the therapeutic component. The implants may be solid, semisolid, or viscoelastic. In accordance with the present invention, the therapeutic component comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), for example, an agent or compound that inhibits or reduces the activity of tyrosine kinase. The TKI may also be understood to be a small molecule TKI. The drug release sustaining component is associated with the therapeutic component to sustain release of an amount of the TKI into an eye in which the implant is placed. TKIs may be released from the implant by diffusion, erosion, dissolution or osmosis. The drug release sustaining component may comprise one or more biodegradable polymers or one or more non-biodegradable polymers. Examples of biodegradable polymers of the present implants may include poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA and PLA), polyesters, poly(ortho ester), poly(phosphazine), poly(phosphate ester), polycaprolactone, natural polymers such as gelatin or collagen, or polymeric blends. The amount of the TKI is released into the eye for a period of time greater than about one week after the implant is placed in the eye and is effective in reducing or treating an ocular condition.

In one embodiment, the intraocular implants comprise a TKI and a biodegradable polymer matrix. The TKI is associated with a biodegradable polymer matrix that degrades at a rate effective to sustain release of an amount of the TKI from the implant effective to treat an ocular condition. The intraocular implant is biodegradable or bioerodible and provides a sustained release of the TKI in an eye for extended periods of time, such as for more than one week, for example for about one month or more and up to about six months or more. The implants may be configured to provide release of the therapeutic agent in substantially one direction, or the implants may provide release of the therapeutic agent from all surfaces of the implant.

The biodegradable polymer matrix of the foregoing implants may be a mixture of biodegradable polymers or the matrix may comprise a single type of biodegradable polymer. For example, the matrix may comprise a polymer selected from the group consisting of polylactides, poly(lactide-co-glycolides), polycaprolactones, and combinations thereof.

In another embodiment, intraocular implants comprise a therapeutic component that comprises a TKI, and a polymeric outer layer covering the therapeutic component. The polymeric outer layer includes one or more orifices or openings or holes that are effective to allow a liquid to pass into the implant, and to allow the TKI to pass out of the implant. The therapeutic component is provided in a core or interior portion of the implant, and the polymeric outer layer covers or coats the core. The polymeric outer layer may include one or more non-biodegradable portions. The implant can provide an extended release of the TKI for more than about two months, and for more than about one year, and even for more than about five or about ten years. One example of such a polymeric outer layer covering is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,331,313.

Advantageously, the present implants provide a sustained or controlled delivery of therapeutic agents at a maintained level despite the rapid elimination of the TKIs from the eye. For example, the present implants are capable of delivering therapeutic amounts of a TKI for a period of at least about 30 days to about a year despite the short intraocular half-lives associated with TKIs. Plasma TKI levels obtained after implantation are extremely low, thereby reducing issues or risks of systemic toxicity. The controlled delivery of the TKIs from the present implants permits the TKIs to be administered into an eye with reduced toxicity or deterioration of the blood-aqueous and blood-retinal barriers, which may be associated with intraocular injection of liquid formulations containing TKIs.

A method of making the present implants involves combining or mixing the TKI with a biodegradable polymer or polymers. The mixture may then be extruded or compressed to form a single composition. The single composition may then be processed to form individual implants suitable for placement in an eye of a patient.

Another method of making the present implants involves providing a polymeric coating around a core portion containing a TKI, wherein the polymeric coating has one or more holes.

The implants may be placed in an ocular region to treat a variety of ocular conditions, such as treating, preventing, or reducing at least one symptom associated with non-exudative age related macular degeneration, exudative age related macular degeneration, choroidal neovascularization, acute macular neuroretinopathy, cystoid macular edema, diabetic macular edema, Behcet's disease, diabetic retinopathy, retinal arterial occlusive disease, central retinal vein occlusion, uveitic retinal disease, retinal detachment, trauma, conditions caused by laser treatment, conditions caused by photodynamic therapy, photocoagulation, radiation retinopathy, epiretinal membranes, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, branch retinal vein occlusion, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, non-retinopathy diabetic retinal dysfunction, retinitis pigmentosa, ocular tumors, ocular neoplasms, and the like.

Kits in accordance with the present invention may comprise one or more of the present implants, and instructions for using the implants. For example, the instructions may explain how to administer the implants to a patient, and types of conditions that may be treated with the implants.

Intravitreal Implant

In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a biodegradable intravitreal implant comprising: a plurality of biodegradable polymer microspheres encapsulating a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), the microspheres releasing the TKI at a rate effective to sustain release of the TKI from the microspheres for at least about one week after the implant is placed in the vitreous of an eye. By encapsulating it is meant that the active agent is associated with, dispersed within, mixed with and/or embedded in the polymer.

The microspheres of this biodegradable intravitreal implant can release the TKI at a rate effective to sustain release of an amount of the TKI from the implant for more than one month from the time the implant is placed in the vitreous of the eye. The TKI can be present in the implant (i.e. the plurality of microspheres) in an amount of from about 5% by weight to about 70% by weight, preferably from about 20% by weight to about 60% by weight of the implant, and the biodegradable polymer matrix can comprise a poly(lactide-co-glycolide) in an amount from about 30% by weight to about 95% by weight, preferably from about 40% by weight to about 80% by weight of the implant.

A process for making biodegradable active agent microspheres includes the following steps:

(a) preparing an organic phase, which comprises, an active agent, a biodegradable polymer, and a solvent for the active agent and the polymer;

(b) preparing a first aqueous phase; containing at least one emulsifier, e.g. the emulsifier can be polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polysorbate, poloxamer, etc.

(c) combining the organic and the aqueous phase to form an emulsion;

(d) preparing a second aqueous phase;

(e) adding the second aqueous phase to the emulsion to form a solution

(f) stirring the solution, and;

(g) evaporating the solvent, thereby making biodegradable active agent microspheres.

The organic phase can be a viscous fluid. This method can also have the step of crystallizing active agent in the organic phase and/or the further step of crystallizing active agent in the emulsion.

Preferably, the pH of the first aqueous phase is between about pH 6 and about pH 8 and the pH of the second aqueous phase is between about pH 4 and about pH 9.

A detailed process for making biodegradable active agent microspheres can have the steps of:

(a) preparing a viscous organic phase, which comprises, a TKI, a biodegradable PLGA (or PLA) polymer, and a solvent for the active agent and the PLGA (or PLA) polymer;

(b) crystallizing active agent in the viscous organic phase

(c) preparing a first aqueous phase with a pH between about pH 6 and about pH 8;

(d) combining the organic and the aqueous phase to form an emulsion;

(e) crystallizing active agent in the emulsion;

(f) preparing a second aqueous phase with a pH between about pH 4 and about pH 9;

(g) adding the second aqueous phase to the emulsion to form a suspension

(h) stirring the suspension, and;

(i) evaporating the solvent, thereby making biodegradable active agent microspheres. The active agent can be a TKI.

The presently disclosed invention also encompasses a method for treating an ocular condition of an eye of a patient by placing biodegradable intraocular microspheres into the vitreous of an eye of the patient, the microspheres comprising a TKI and a biodegradable polymer, wherein the microspheres degrades at a rate effective to sustain release of an amount of the TKI from the microspheres effective to treat the ocular condition. The ocular condition can be, for example, a retinal ocular, glaucoma or a proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

In an alternative embodiment a biodegradable intravitreal implant comprising a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) and a biodegradable polymer can be prepared by a method comprising the step of: extruding a mixture of a TKI and a biodegradable polymer to form a biodegradable implant that degrades at a rate effective to sustain release of an amount of the TKI from the implant for at least about one week after the implant is placed in the vitreous of an eye. The mixture can consist essentially of the TKI and the biodegradable polymer. The polymer can be a polylactide, poly(lactide-co-glycolide), polycaprolactone, or a derivative thereof, or a mixture thereof. The polymer can release the TKI at a rate effective to sustain release of an amount of the TKI from the implant for more than one month from the time the implant is placed in the vitreous of the eye. The TKI can be provided in an amount from about 5% by weight to about 70% by weight, preferably from about 20% by weight to about 70% by weight of the implant, and the biodegradable polymer matrix can comprise a poly(lactide-co-glycolide) in an amount from about 30% by weight to about 95% by weight, preferably from about 30% by weight to about 80% by weight of the implant. More preferably, the TKI can be provided in an amount from about 20% by weight to about 60% by weight of the implant, and the biodegradable polymer matrix can comprise a poly(lactide-co-glycolide) in an amount from about 40% by weight to about 80% by weight of the implant.

The microspheres of the present invention may range in size from 1-100 um and may include additives, e.g. cholesterol, PEG, etc, to modify the release rate of the TKI from the microsphere or reduce inflammation etc.

The TKI can be present in the microspheres in various forms, e.g. in a dispersed molecular form, or as crystalline aggregates.

The microspheres of the present invention can be administered by injection, i.e. as a suspension in an appropriate vehicle, e.g. a viscous vehicle, such as a hyaluronic acid gel, containing up to 30% by weight of the microspheres, by means of a 22 G-30 G needle, preferably to form a depot comprising said microspheres.

Finally, the polymer may be selected to have a degradation rate, whereby The microparticles partially or completely disappear before next injection.

The following abbreviations may be used throughout this specification.

“Ac” refers to acetyl.

“Ar” refers to aryl.

“Tf” refers to triflate.

“Me” refers to methyl.

“Et” refers to ethyl.

“tBu” refers to t-butyl.

“iPr” refers to I-propyl.

“Ph” refers to phenyl.

Pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers to those salts which retain the biological effectiveness and properties of the free bases and which are obtained by reaction with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, salicylic acid and the like. Pharmaceutically acceptable salt” may also refer to those salts which retain the biological effectiveness and properties of the free acid and which are obtained by reaction with inorganic bases such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide and the like or organic bases such as lysine, arginine, ethanolamine and the like.

“Alkyl” refers to a straight-chain, branched or cyclic saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon. Preferably, the alkyl group has 1 to 12 carbons. More preferably, it is a lower alkyl of from 1 to 7 carbons, most preferably 1 to 4 carbons. Typical alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tertiary butyl, pentyl, hexyl and the like. The alkyl group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents are selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, cyano, alkoxy, ═O, ═S, NO₂, halogen, dimethyl amino, and SH.

“Alkenyl” refers to a straight-chain, branched or cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon group containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond. Preferably, the alkenyl group has 1 to 12 carbons. More preferably it is a lower alkenyl of from 1 to 7 carbons, most preferably 1 to 4 carbons. The alkenyl group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, cyano, alkoxy, ═O, ═S, NO₂, halogen, dimethyl amino, and SH.

“Alkynyl” refers to a straight-chain, branched or cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. Preferably, the alkynyl group has 1 to 12 carbons. More preferably it is a lower alkynyl of from 1 to 7 carbons, most preferably 1 to 4 carbons. The alkynyl group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, cyano, alkoxy, ═O, ═S, NO₂, halogen, dimethyl amino, and SH.

“Alkoxyl” refers to an “O-alkyl” group.

“Aryl” refers to an aromatic group which has at least one ring having a conjugated pi electron system and includes carbocyclic aryl, heterocyclic aryl and biaryl groups. The aryl group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, trihalomethyl, hydroxyl, SH, OH, NO₂, amine, thioether, cyano, alkoxy, alkyl, and amino.

“Alkaryl” refers to an alkyl that is covalently joined to an aryl group. Preferably, the alkyl is a lower alkyl.

“Carbocyclic aryl” refers to an aryl group wherein the ring atoms are carbon.

“Heterocyclic aryl” refers to an aryl group having from 1 to 3 heteroatoms as ring atoms, the remainder of the ring atoms being carbon. Heteroatoms include oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen. Thus, heterocyclic aryl groups include furanyl, thienyl, pyridyl, pyrrolyl, N-lower alkyl pyrrolo, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, imidazolyl and the like.

“Hydrocarbyl” refers to a hydrocarbon radical having only carbon and hydrogen atoms. Preferably, the hydrocarbyl radical has from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and most preferably from 1 to 7 carbon atoms.

“Substituted hydrocarbyl” refers to a hydrocarbyl radical wherein one or more, but not all, of the hydrogen and/or the carbon atoms are replaced by a halogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur or phosphorus atom or a radical including a halogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur or phosphorus atom, e.g. fluoro, chloro, cyano, nitro, hydroxyl, phosphate, thiol, etc.

“Amide” refers to —C(O)—NH—R′, wherein R′ is alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl or hydrogen.

“Thioamide” refers to —C(S)—NH—R′, wherein R′ is alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl or hydrogen.

“Amine” refers to a —N(R″)R′″ group, wherein R″ and R′″ are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, and alkylaryl.

“Thioether” refers to —S—R″, wherein R″ is alkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl.

“Sulfonyl” refers to —S(O)₂—R″″, where R″″ is aryl, C(CN)═C-aryl, CH₂CN, alkyaryl, sulfonamide, NH-alkyl, NH-alkylaryl, or NH-aryl.

Illustrative routes to compounds of the present invention are illustrated in the below schemes.

The compounds of this invention may be prepared by the general scheme set forth in Scheme 1, below.

In particular the compounds of the present invention are selected from the compounds of Table 1, Table 2 and Table 2.1 below. In Table 1 the compounds of the present invention are exemplified by any combination of Ar¹ and R² attached to the core template illustrated.

TABLE 1

Ar¹ Substitution

R² Substitution

TABLE 2 Example Number Structure Example 423

Example 424

Example 425

Example 426

Example 427

Example 428

Example 429

Example 430

Example 431

Example 432

Example 433

Example 434

Example 435

Example 436

Example 437

Example 438

Example 439

Example 440

Example 441

Example 442

Example 443

Example 444

Example 445

Example 446

Example 447

Example 448

Example 449

Example 450

Example 451

Example 452

Example 453

Example 454

Example 455

Example 456

Example 457

Example 458

Example 459

Example 460

Example 461

Example 462

Example 463

Example 464

Example 465

Example 466

Example 467

Example 468

Example 469

Example 470

Example 471

Example 472

Example 473

Example 474

Example 475

TABLE 2-1 Example # Structure 476

477

478

479

480

481

482

483

484

485

486

487

488

489

490

491

492

493

494

495

496

497

498

499

500

501

502

503

504

505

506

507

508

509

510

511

512

513

514

515

516

517

518

519

520

521

522

523

524

525

526

527

528

529

530

531

532

533

534

535

536

537

538

539

540

541

542

543

544

545

546

547

548

549

550

551

552

553

554

555

556

557

558

559

560

561

562

563

564

565

566

567

The compounds of the above Table 1 are prepared as follows:

Example 1 N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(phenylethynyl)nicotinamide Step 1—Representative Procedure for the Preparation of Sulfoxides Methyl Phenyl Sulfoxide

To a stirred suspension of iodoxybenzoic acid (3.7 g, 13.2 mmol, 1.1 eq) in 100:1 CHCl₃/H₂O (25 mL) was added tetraethylammonium bromide (TEAB) (126 mg, 5 mol %), followed by the addition of p-tolyl sulfide (1.66 g, 12 mmol) in one portion. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for approximately 30 minutes until consumption of sulfide was observed (TLC, hexanes/EtOAc 1/1). The residual solids were removed by filtration and washed with CHCl₃ (40 mL). The combined filtrate was washed successively with saturated aq. NaHCO₃ (30 mL), saturated aq. NaCl (30 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated to provide the crude product. Purification by silica gel column chromatography (50% hexanes/EtOAc elution) afforded the title compound (1.68 g, yield 91%). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.52 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 2.71 (s, 3H), 2.42 (s, 3H); ESI-MS m/z 154.7 (M+H)⁺.

Step 2—Representative Procedure for the Preparation of Substituted Sulfoximines S-methyl-S-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-[[2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl]sulfonyl]sulfoximine

To a solution of 1-methanesulfinyl-4-methoxy-benzene (1.51 g, 8.88 mmol) in dry acetonitrile (35 mL), was added CuPF₆(CH₃CN)₄ (165 mg, 0.44 mmol, 0.05 eq.). The mixture was cooled to 0° C. and [N-(2-(trimethylsilyl)ethanesulfonyl)imino]phenyl-iodinate (3.75 g, 9.8 mmol, 1.1 eq.) (prepared by the method described in J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 5304-5307) was added. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature, stirred for 20 h and the solvent then evaporated. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc (50 mL) and filtered through a pad of silica gel. The ethyl acetate solution was evaporated and the residue was triturated with hexanes to provide the title compound as a white solid (3.0 g, recovery 96%, purity >95% by HPLC). If required, the compound can be further purified by silica gel column chromatography (50% hexanes/EtOAc). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.95 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 2H), 7.05 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 2H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 3.16-3.10 (m, 2H), 1.18-1.12 (m, 2H), 0.04 (s, 9H); ESI-MS m/z 349.9 (M+H)⁺.

Step 3—Representative Procedure for the Deprotection of (Trimethylsilyl)Ethyl]Sulfonyl Substituted Sulfoximines S-(4-methoxyphenyl)-S-methyl-sulfoximine

A mixture of S-methyl-S-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-[[2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl]sulfonyl]-sulfoximine (2.9 g, 8.3 mmol) and 1.0 M of TBAF (12.5 mL, 12.5 mmol, 1.5 eq.) was heated in a microwave at 120° C. for 20 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the solvent was evaporated and the resulting mixture was purified by silica gel column chromatography (elution with 100% EtOAc) to provide the title compound (1.46 g, yield 96%). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.92 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 2H), 6.99 (d, J=9 Hz, 2H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.08 (s, 3H); ESI-MS m/z 186.1 (M+H)⁺.

Step 4—Representative Procedure for the Sonagashira Reaction of Ethyl 5-Bromonicotinate with Acetylenes 5-Phenylethynyl-nicotinic acid ethyl ester

To a solution of ethyl 5-bromonicotinate (1.15 g, 5 mmol) in ethyl acetate (20 mL) under an N₂ atmosphere, was added triethylamine (1.1 mL, 7.5 mmol, 1.5 eq.), phenyl acetylene (0.766 g, 7.5 mmol, 1.5 eq.), dichloro-bis(triphenylphosphine)-palladium(II) (176 mg, 0.25 mmol, 0.05 eq.), and copper iodide (10 mg, 0.05 mmol, 0.01 eq). The reaction mixture was heated at 50° C. for 20 h before being cooled to room temperature, filtered through a pad of celite, and solvent evaporated to provide a dark brown oil. Silica gel column chromatography (9/1-4/1 hexanes/EtOAc elution) provided the title compound as a pale yellow oil (1.26 g, yield 100%). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.11 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.87 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.39 (dd, J=1.8, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.56-7.53 (m, 2H), 7.40-7.30 (m, 3H), 4.42 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); ESI-MS m/z 251.9 (M+H)⁺.

Step 5—Representative Procedure for Nicotinic Acid Ester Hydrolysis 5-Phenylethynyl-nicotinic acid

To a solution of 5-phenylethynyl-nicotinic acid ethyl ester (1.17 g, 4.64 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) was added 5 N aqueous sodium hydroxide (2 mL, 10 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for approximately 20 h, before the reaction mixture was diluted with water (3 mL) and extracted with hexanes/EtOAc (95/5) (10 mL). The aqueous solution was acidified with 1 N HCl to pH 4. The white precipitate that formed was collected by filtration, washed with water (2 mL), and dried under vacuum to provide the title compound as a white solid (987 mg, yield 95%). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, d₆-DMSO) δ 9.02 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.94 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.34 (dd, J=1.8, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.63-7.60 (m, 2H), 7.48-7.44 (m, 3H); ESI-MS m/z 223.9 (M+H)⁺.

Step 6—Representative Procedure for Coupling of Substituted Sulfoximine's to Substituted Nicotinic Acids N-[1-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-methylsulfoximine]-5-phenylethynyl-nicotinamide

A solution of 5-phenylethynyl-nicotinic acid (0.1 mmol) and S-(4-methoxyphenyl)-S-methyl-sulfoximine (0.1 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (0.15 mmol) in dimethylormamide (1.5 mL) was treated with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (0.15 mmol) in dimethylormamide (1.5 mL). The reaction mixture was shaken at room temperature for 20 hours and concentrated. The residue was purified by high pressure liquid chromatography (phenomenex Luna C18 5 μm column, gradient elution, acetonitrile/10 mM aqueous ammonium carbonate) and concentrated to give the title compound.

Examples 2-422

Examples 2 through 422 (table 5) were prepared by the methods described in Example 1 by employing appropriate combinations of the aryl sulfides illustrated in table 3 and the acetylenes illustrated in table 4.

TABLE 3 Aryl Sulfide Reagents CAS CAS Number Reagent Number Reagent 623-13-2 METHYL P-TOLYL SULFIDE 68121- 3,5- 46-0 DICHLOROTHIOANISOLE 1879-16-9 1-METHOXY-4- 3-METHYLTHIOANISOLE (METHYLTHIO)BENZENE 701-57-5 4-NITROTHIOANISOLE 2388-74-1 3-METHOXY THIOANISOLE 123-09-1 4-CHLOROTHIOANISOLE 3,4- DIMETHYLTHIOANISOLE 10352-44-0 4-ACETAMIDOTHIOANISOLE 3,5- DIMETHYLTHIOANISOLE 2524-78-9 3-ACETAMIDOTHIOANISOLE 100-68-5 THIOANISOLE 4867-37-2 3-CHLOROTHIOANISOLE 3,4- DIMETHOXYTHIOANISOLE 2524-76-7 3-NITRO THIOANISOLE

TABLE 4 Acetylene Reagents CAS # Reagent CAS # Reagent 126716- PHENYLACETYLENE 15727- 1-ETHYNYLNAPHTHALENE 66-3 65-8 766-97-2 4-ETHYNYLTOLUENE 121697- 3-ETHYNYLPYRIDINE 66-3 627-41-8 METHYL PROPARGYL ETHER 927-74-2 3-BUTYN-1-OL 917-92-0 3,3-DIMETHYL-1-BUTYNE 2561- 3-FLUOROPHENYLACETYLENE 17-3 937-31-5 4-NITROPHENYLACETYLENE 2510- 4-ETHYNYLPYRIDINE 22-7 351002- 4-ETHYNYL-1-FLUORO-2- 766-47-2 2-ETHYNYLTOLUENE 93-2 METHYLBENZENE 1945- 2-ETHYNYLPYRIDINE 766-81-4 1-BROMO-3-ETHYNYL-BENZENE 84-2 10401- 3- 766-83-6 3′-CHLOROPHENYL ACETYLENE 11-3 HYDROXYPHENYLACETYLENE 129113- 2-ETHYNYL-6- 171290- 1-ETHYNYL-3,5- 00-4 METHOXYNAPHTHALENE 52-1 DIMETHOXYBENZENE 768-70-7 1-ETHYNYL-3- 4302- 3′,4′-DIMETHOXYPHENYL METHOXYBENZENE 52-7 ACETYLENE 768-60-5 1-ETH-1-YNYL-4- 767-91-9 1-ETHYNYL-2- METHOXYBENZENE METHOXYBENZENE 766-96-1 1-BROMO-4- 41876- 4′-N-PIPERIDINOPHENYL ETHYNYLBENZENE 66-8 ACETYLENE 4,5-DICHLORO-1-PROP-2- 151361- 1-ETHYNYL-3,5-DIFLUORO- YNYLIMIDAZOLE 87-4 BENZENE 873-73-4 1-CHLORO-4- 5-ETHYNYL-1-METHYL-1H- ETHYNYLBENZENE IMIDAZOLE 873-31-4 1-CHLORO-2- 74331- 1-ETHYNYL-4-METHOXY-2- ETHYNYLBENZENE 69-4 METHYLBENZENE 766-82-5 M-TOLYLACETYLENE 74-99-7 PROPYNE 705-31-7 4′- 922-67-8 METHYL PROPIOLATE TRIFLUOROMETHYLPHENYL ACETYLENE 766-46-1 1-BROMO-2- 930-51-8 CYCLOPENTYLACETYLENE ETHYNYLBENZENE 302912- 1-ETHYNYL-2,4-DIFLUORO- 1-ETHYNYL-2- 34-1 BENZENE (TRIFLUOROMETHOXY)BENZENE

TABLE 5 Example Example Name Example 2 N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 3 N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(3-methoxyprop- 1-yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 4 5-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 5 N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-prop-1-yn-1- ylnicotinamide Example 6 N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-2- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 7 5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 8 5-[(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo- λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 9 5-[(3-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 10 5-[(4-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 11 5-[(4-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 12 5-[3-(4,5-dichloro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)prop-1-yn-1-yl]-N-[(4- methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 13 5-[(4-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 14 5-[(2-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 15 N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 16 N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-{[4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethynyl}nicotinamide Example 17 5-[(2,4-difluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 18 N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-3- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 19 5-[(3-fluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 20 N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-4- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 21 N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 22 5-[(3-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 23 5-[(3-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 24 5-[(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 25 5-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 26 5-[(2-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 27 N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-piperidin-1- ylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 28 5-[(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 29 5-[(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo- λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 30 5-[(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 31 5-(4-hydroxybut-1-yn-1-yl)-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 32 N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(phenylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 33 N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 34 5-(3-methoxyprop-1-yn-1-yl)-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 35 5-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl- λ⁶sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 36 N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- nitrophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 37 N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-prop-1-yn-1-ylnicotinamide Example 38 N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 39 5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 40 5-[(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 41 5-[(3-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 42 5-[(4-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 43 5-[(4-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 44 5-[3-(4,5-dichloro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)prop-1-yn-1-yl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl- λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 45 5-[(4-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 46 5-[(2-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 47 N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 48 N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-{[4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethynyl}nicotinamide Example 49 5-[(2-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 50 5-[(2,4-difluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 51 N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(1-naphthylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 52 N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-3-ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 53 5-[(3-fluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 54 N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-4-ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 55 N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 56 5-[(3-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 57 5-[(3-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 58 5-[(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 59 5-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 60 5-[(2-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 61 N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-piperidin-1- ylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 62 5-[(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 63 5-[(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 64 5-[(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 65 5-(4-hydroxybut-1-yn-1-yl)-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 66 N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 67 5-(3-methoxyprop-1-yn-1-yl)-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 68 5-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 69 N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- nitrophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 70 N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-prop-1-yn-1- ylnicotinamide Example 71 N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-2- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 72 5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 73 5-[(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 74 5-[(3-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 75 5-[(4-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 76 5-[(4-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 77 5-[3-(4,5-dichloro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)prop-1-yn-1-yl]-N-[methyl(4- methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 78 5-[(4-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 79 5-[(2-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 80 N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 81 N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-{[4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethynyl}nicotinamide Example 82 5-[(2-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 83 N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(1- naphthylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 84 N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-3- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 85 5-[(3-fluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 86 N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-4- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 87 N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 88 5-[(3-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 89 5-[(3-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 90 5-[(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 91 5-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 92 5-[(2-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 93 5-[(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 94 5-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 95 5-[(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 96 5-[(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(4-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 97 5-(4-hydroxybut-1-yn-1-yl)-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 98 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(4-hydroxybut-1-yn-1- yl)nicotinamide Example 99 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5- (phenylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 100 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 101 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(3-methoxyprop-1-yn-1- yl)nicotinamide Example 102 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn- 1-yl)nicotinamide Example 103 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- nitrophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 104 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-prop-1-yn-1- ylnicotinamide Example 105 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-2- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 106 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 107 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 108 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 109 5-[(4-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 110 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[3-(4,5-dichloro-1H- imidazol-1-yl)prop-1-yn-1-yl]nicotinamide Example 111 5-[(4-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 112 5-[(2-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 113 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2,4- difluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 114 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(1- naphthylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 115 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-3- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 116 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- fluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 117 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 118 5-[(3-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 119 5-[(3-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 120 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3,5- dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 121 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3,4- dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 122 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 123 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3,5- difluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 124 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(1-methyl-1H- imidazol-5-yl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 125 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-methoxy-2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 126 N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-fluoro-3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 127 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-(4-hydroxybut- 1-yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 128 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5- (phenylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 129 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(4- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 130 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-(3- methoxyprop-1-yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 131 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-(3,3- dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 132 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(4- nitrophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 133 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-prop-1-yn-1- ylnicotinamide Example 134 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-(pyridin-2- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 135 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(6-methoxy-2- naphthyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 136 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 137 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(4- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 138 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(4- bromophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 139 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(4- chlorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 140 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(2- chlorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 141 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 142 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-{[4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethynyl}nicotinamide Example 143 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(2- bromophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 144 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(2,4- difluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 145 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-(1- naphthylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 146 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-(pyridin-3- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 147 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3- fluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 148 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-(pyridin-4- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 149 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 150 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3- bromophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 151 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3- chlorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 152 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3,5- dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 153 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(2- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 154 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3,5- difluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 155 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(1-methyl-1H- imidazol-5-yl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 156 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(4-methoxy-2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 157 N-{[4-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(4-fluoro-3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 158 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-(4-hydroxybut- 1-yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 159 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5- (phenylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 160 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(4- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 161 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-(3- methoxyprop-1-yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 162 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-(3,3- dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 163 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(4- nitrophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 164 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-prop-1-yn-1- ylnicotinamide Example 165 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-(pyridin-2- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 166 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3- hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 167 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(6-methoxy-2- naphthyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 168 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 169 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(4- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 170 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(4- bromophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 171 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[3-(4,5- dichloro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)prop-1-yn-1-yl]nicotinamide Example 172 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(4- chlorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 173 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(2- chlorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 174 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 175 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-{[4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethynyl}nicotinamide Example 176 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(2- bromophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 177 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(2,4- difluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 178 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-(1- naphthylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 179 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-(pyridin-3- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 180 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3- fluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 181 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-(pyridin-4- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 182 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 183 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3- bromophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 184 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3- chlorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 185 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3,5- dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 186 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3,4- dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 187 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(2- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 188 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(4-piperidin-1- ylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 189 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3,5- difluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 190 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(1-methyl-1H- imidazol-5-yl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 191 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(4-methoxy-2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 192 N-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl](methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}-5-[(4-fluoro-3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 193 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(4-hydroxybut-1-yn-1- yl)nicotinamide Example 194 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5- (phenylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 195 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 196 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(3-methoxyprop-1-yn-1- yl)nicotinamide Example 197 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn- 1-yl)nicotinamide Example 198 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- nitrophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 199 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-prop-1-yn-1- ylnicotinamide Example 200 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-2- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 201 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 202 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(6-methoxy-2- naphthyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 203 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 204 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 205 5-[(4-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 206 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[3-(4,5-dichloro-1H- imidazol-1-yl)prop-1-yn-1-yl]nicotinamide Example 207 5-[(4-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 208 5-[(2-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 209 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 210 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-{[4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethynyl}nicotinamide Example 211 5-[(2-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 212 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2,4- difluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 213 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(1- naphthylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 214 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-3- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 215 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- fluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 216 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 217 5-[(3-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 218 5-[(3-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 219 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3,5- dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 220 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3,4- dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 221 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 222 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-piperidin-1- ylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 223 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3,5- difluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 224 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(1-methyl-1H- imidazol-5-yl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 225 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-methoxy-2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 226 N-[(3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-fluoro-3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 227 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(4-hydroxybut-1-yn- 1-yl)nicotinamide Example 228 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5- (phenylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 229 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 230 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(3-methoxyprop-1- yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 231 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(3,3-dimethylbut-1- yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 232 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-prop-1-yn-1- ylnicotinamide Example 233 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-2- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 234 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 235 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(6-methoxy-2- naphthyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 236 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 237 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 238 5-[(4-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 239 5-[(4-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 240 5-[(2-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 241 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 242 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-{[4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethynyl}nicotinamide Example 243 5-[(2-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 244 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2,4- difluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 245 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(1- naphthylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 246 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- fluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 247 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 248 5-[(3-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 249 5-[(3-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 250 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3,5- dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 251 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3,4- dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 252 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 253 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3,5- difluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 254 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(1-methyl-1H- imidazol-5-yl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 255 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-methoxy-2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 256 N-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-fluoro-3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 257 5-(4-hydroxybut-1-yn-1-yl)-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 258 N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5- (phenylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 259 N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 260 5-(3-methoxyprop-1-yn-1-yl)-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 261 5-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 262 N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- nitrophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 263 N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-prop-1-yn-1- ylnicotinamide Example 264 N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-2- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 265 5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 266 5-[(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 267 5-[(3-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 268 5-[(4-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 269 5-[(4-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 270 5-[3-(4,5-dichloro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)prop-1-yn-1-yl]-N-[methyl(3- methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 271 5-[(4-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 272 5-[(2-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 273 N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 274 N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-{[4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethynyl}nicotinamide Example 275 5-[(2-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 276 5-[(2,4-difluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 277 N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(1- naphthylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 278 N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-3- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 279 5-[(3-fluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 280 N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-4- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 281 N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 282 5-[(3-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 283 5-[(3-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 284 5-[(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 285 5-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 286 5-[(2-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 287 N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-piperidin-1- ylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 288 5-[(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 289 5-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 290 5-[(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 291 5-[(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-methylphenyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 292 5-(4-hydroxybut-1-yn-1-yl)-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 293 N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5- (phenylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 294 N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 295 N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(3-methoxyprop-1- yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 296 5-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 297 N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ6-sulfanylidene]-5-prop-1-yn-1- ylnicotinamide Example 298 N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-2- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 299 5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 300 5-[(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 301 5-[(3-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 302 5-[(4-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 303 5-[(4-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 304 5-[3-(4,5-dichloro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)prop-1-yn-1-yl]-N-[(3- methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 305 5-[(4-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 306 5-[(2-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 307 N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 308 N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-{[4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethynyl}nicotinamide Example 309 5-[(2-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 310 5-[(2,4-difluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 311 N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(1- naphthylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 312 N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-3- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 313 5-[(3-fluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 314 N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-4- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 315 N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 316 5-[(3-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 317 5-[(3-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 318 5-[(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 319 5-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 320 5-[(2-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 321 5-[(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 322 N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(1-methyl-1H- imidazol-5-yl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 323 5-[(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo- λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 324 5-[(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-methoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 325 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(4-hydroxybut-1- yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 326 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5- (phenylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 327 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 328 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(3-methoxyprop-1- yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 329 5-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)-N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 330 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- nitrophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 331 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-prop-1-yn-1- ylnicotinamide Example 332 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-2- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 333 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 334 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(6-methoxy-2- naphthyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 335 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 336 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 337 5-[(4-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 338 5-[3-(4,5-dichloro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)prop-1-yn-1-yl]-N-[(3,4- dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 339 5-[(4-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 340 5-[(2-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 341 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 342 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-{[4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethynyl}nicotinamide Example 343 5-[(2-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 344 5-[(2,4-difluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 345 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(1- naphthylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 346 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-3- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 347 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- fluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 348 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-4- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 349 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 350 5-[(3-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 351 5-[(3-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 352 5-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 353 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 354 5-[(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 355 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(1-methyl-1H- imidazol-5-yl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 356 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-methoxy-2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 357 N-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-fluoro-3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 358 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(4-hydroxybut-1- yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 359 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5- (phenylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 360 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 361 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(3-methoxyprop-1- yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 362 5-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)-N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 363 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- nitrophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 364 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-prop-1-yn-1- ylnicotinamide Example 365 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-2- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 366 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(6-methoxy-2- naphthyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 367 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 368 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 369 5-[(4-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 370 5-[3-(4,5-dichloro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)prop-1-yn-1-yl]-N-[(3,5- dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 371 5-[(4-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 372 5-[(2-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 373 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 374 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-{[4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethynyl}nicotinamide Example 375 5-[(2-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 376 5-[(2,4-difluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 377 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(1- naphthylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 378 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-3- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 379 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- fluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 380 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-4- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 381 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 382 5-[(3-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 383 5-[(3-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 384 5-[(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 385 5-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 386 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 387 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-piperidin-1- ylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 388 5-[(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 389 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(1-methyl-1H- imidazol-5-yl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 390 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-methoxy-2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 391 N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-fluoro-3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 392 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(4-hydroxybut-1- yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 393 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5- (phenylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 394 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 395 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(3-methoxyprop- 1-yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 396 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(3,3-dimethylbut- 1-yn-1-yl)nicotinamide Example 397 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- nitrophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 398 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-prop-1-yn-1- ylnicotinamide Example 399 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-2- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 400 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 401 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(6-methoxy-2- naphthyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 402 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 403 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4- methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 404 5-[(4-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 405 5-[(4-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 406 5-[(2-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 407 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 408 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-{[4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethynyl}nicotinamide Example 409 5-[(2-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 410 5-[(2,4-difluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 411 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(1- naphthylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 412 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-3- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 413 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ6-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3- fluorophenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 414 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(pyridin-4- ylethynyl)nicotinamide Example 415 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 416 5-[(3-bromophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 417 5-[(3-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 418 5-[(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 419 5-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶- sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Example 420 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-piperidin-1- ylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 421 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-methoxy-2- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Example 422 N-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(methyl)oxo-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(4-fluoro-3- methylphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

Example 423 (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(phenylethynyl)nicotinamide

To a slurry of 5-(2-phenyleth-1-ynyl)nicotinic acid (339 mg, 1.5 mmol) in 6.0 mL THF at room temperature was added 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (271 mg, 1.7 mmol). After stirring 1.25 hour, a solution of (S)-(+)-S-methyl-5-phenylsulfoximine (260 mg, 1.7 mmol) in 1.5 mL THF was added and the mixture heated at 50° C. for 22 hours. Then an additional 50 mg (0.32 mmol) (S)-(+)-S-methyl-5-phenylsulfoximine was added and heating continued at 60° C. for 3.5 hours. The reaction was quenched with NaHCO₃ solution and then extracted into EtOAc. The EtOAc layer was washed with NaHCO₃ solution, H₂O, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and concentrated. The yellow oil obtained was chromatographed eluting with hexane/EtOAc to give N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(phenylethynyl)nicotinamide as a white foam (303 mg, 55%).

Example 424 (R)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(phenylethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 423, 5-(2-phenyleth-1-ynyl)nicotinic acid and (R)-(−)-S-methyl-5-phenylsulfoximine were reacted to give the title compound as a white foam (54 mg, 25%).

Example 425 5-[(2-fluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Step 1 (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

To a solution of 5-bromonicotinic acid (1.21 g, 6.0 mmol), N,N-diisopropylethylamine (2.1 mL, 12.0 mmol), and (S)-(+)-S-methyl-5-phenylsulfoximine (931 mg, 6.0 mmol) in DMF (11.0 mL) cooled to 0° C. was treated with 1-benzotriazolyloxytripyrrolidinylphosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP) (3.43 g, 6.6 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred 10 minutes, the ice bath removed, and the reaction continued at room temperature for 2 hours. The mixture was taken up in EtOAc and washed with H₂O, Na₂CO₃ solution, brine, AcOH solution, H₂O, Na₂CO₃ solution, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and concentrated. The residual brown oil was purified by chromatography (silica gel, hexane/EtOAc). The product containing eluent was concentrated and then triturated with hexane to give the title compound as an off-white solid (1.88 g, 92%).

Step 2 (S)-5-[(2-fluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

A mixture of (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (105 mg, 0.31 mmol) and 1-ethynyl-2-fluorobenzene (75 mg, 0.62 mmol) in 2.0 mL EtOAc was degassed with argon at 70° C. Upon cooling to room temperature the reaction mixture was treated with triethylamine (0.16 mL, 1.1 mmol), dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) (22 mg, 0.031 mmol) and copper(I)iodide (2 mg, 0.012 mmol). The reaction was heated at 70° C. for 20 hours then partitioned between EtOAc and H₂O. The EtOAc layer was washed with acetic acid solution, saturated NaHCO₃, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and concentrated. The dark film obtained was purified by chromatography (silica gel, hexane/EtOAc) to give the title compound as a tan foam (110 mg, 94%).

Example 426 (S)-5-[(4-chlorophenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that describe in Example 425 a mixture of (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide and 4-chloro-1-ethynylbenzene were reacted to give the title compound as white needles (60 mg, 49%).

Example 427 (S)-5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that describe in Example 425, a mixture of (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide and 3-hydroxy-1-ethynylbenzene were reacted to give the title compound as an off-white solid (19 mg, 17%).

Example 428 (S)-5-[(4-phenoxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that describe in Example 425 a mixture of (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide and 1-ethynyl-4-phenoxybenzene were reacted to give the title compound as an off-white solid (95 mg, 68%).

Example 429 (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-α-sulfanylidene]-5-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

To a degassed solution of 10.0 mL DMF at room temperature was added (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (1.02 g, 3.0 mmol), triethylamine (1.3 mL, 9.0 mmol), trimethylsilylacetylene (0.83 mL, 6.0 mmol), and dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) (211 mg, 0.3 mmol). After 15 minutes added copper(I)iodide (29 mg, 0.15 mmol) and continued reaction for 4 hours. The reaction was then partitioned between EtOAc and H₂O. The EtOAc layer was washed with saturated NaHCO₃, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated to 20 ml volume. The solution was placed overnight in the refrigerator and the resulting solid filtered and rinsed with 40% EtOAc/hexane to give The title compound (674 mg) as a tan solid. The filtrate was evaporated and purified by chromatography (silica gel, eluting with hexane/EtOAc) to give an additional 301 mg of the title compound. The product lots were combined and purified by chromatography (silica gel, eluting with hexane/EtOAc) to give the title compound as a tan solid (959 mg, 90%).

Example 430 (S)-5-ethynyl-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

A solution of (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide (806 mg, 2.3 mmol) in 70 mL THF/methanol (1:1 ratio) at room temperature was degassed with argon. The solution was cooled to 0° C. and K₂CO₃ (937 mg, 6.8 mmol) added. After 5 minutes the solution was decanted from the solids and partitioned between EtOAc and H₂O. The EtOAc layer was washed with brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and concentrated. The brown oil was purified by chromatography (silica gel, CHCl₃/EtOAc) to the title compound as a thick pale orange oil (630 mg, 98%).

Example 431 (S)-5-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

To a degassed solution of 1.3 mL DMF at room temperature containing (S)-5-ethynyl-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (63 mg, 0.22 mmol), 4-iodophenol (121 mg, 0.55 mmol), and triethylamine (0.09 mL, 0.66 mmol) was added dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) (15 mg, 0.022 mmol) and copper(I)iodide (4 mg, 0.022 mmol). After proceeding for 1 hour the reaction was partitioned between EtOAc and H₂O. The mixture was filtered to remove an insoluble brown precipitate and the EtOAc layer was washed with H₂O, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The brown film was chromatographed eluting with CHCl₃/EtOAc to give a yellow solid which was recrystallized from CHCl₃/hexane to give the title compound as an off-white solid (38 mg, 45%).

Example 432 (S)-5-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that describe in Example 431 a mixture of (S)-5-ethynyl-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide and 1-ethynyl-2-hydroxybenzene were reacted to give the title compound as a white solid (6 mg, 7%).

Example 433 Step 1 (R)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

To a solution of 5-bromonicotinic acid (303 mg, 1.5 mmol), N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.523 μL, 3.0 mmol), and (R)-(−)-S-methyl-5-phenylsulfoximine (233 mg, 1.5 mmol) in DMF (3.0 mL) cooled to 0° C. was added 1-benzotriazolyloxytripyrrolidinylphosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP) (859 mg, 1.65 mmol). The solution was stirred 10 minutes, the ice bath removed, and the reaction continued at room temperature for 2.5 hours. The mixture was taken up in EtOAc and washed with H₂O, Na₂CO₃ solution, brine, AcOH solution, H₂O, Na₂CO₃ solution, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The brown oil was chromatographed eluting with hexane/EtOAc to give the title compound as a yellow solid (478 mg, 94%).

Step 2 (R)-5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

To a degassed solution of 2.0 mL DMF at room temperature containing (R)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (105 mg, 0.31 mmol), 3-hydroxyphenylacetylene (73 mg, 0.62 mmol) and triethylamine (0.13 mL, 0.93 mmol) was added dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) (22 mg, 0.031 mmol) and copper(I)iodide (3 mg, 0.016 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours. Additional 3-hydroxyphenylacetylene was added (30 mg, 0.25 mmol) and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for an additional 3.5 hours. After proceeding for 5 hours the reaction was partitioned between EtOAc and H₂O and the EtOAc layer washed with H₂O, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and concentrated. The residual dark oil was purified by chromatography (silica gel, CHCl₃/EtOAc) and the product containing fractions were concentrated. The resulting solid was triturated with EtOAc/hexane to give the title compound as an off-white solid (37 mg, 32%).

Example 434 (S)-3-{[5-({[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]amino}carbonyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethynyl}benzoic acid

A mixture of (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide (54 mg, 0.15 mmol), 3-iodobenzoic acid (56 mg, 0.23 mmol), dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) (11 mg, 0.02 mmol), triphenylphosphine (1.0 mg, 0.004 mmol) and triethylamine (0.073 mL, 0.53 mmol) in 1.5 mL DMF at room temperature was degassed using vacuum and a H₂/N₂ (1:1) mixture and then copper(I)iodide (2 mg, 0.01 mmol) added. The reaction was heated to 60° C. then tetrabutylammonium fluoride (1.0 M in THF, 0.15 ml) added over 3.5 minutes. After 25 minutes the reaction was partitioned between EtOAc and dilute AcOH. The EtOAc layer was collected and washed with H₂O, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and concentrated to a yellow solid. The solid was triturated with EtOAc at room temperature to give the title compound as a yellow solid (45 mg, 74%).

Example 435 (S)-5-[(4-acetylphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that describe in Example 434 a mixture of (S)-5-ethynyl-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide and 4-iodoacetophenone were reacted to give the title compound as a light yellow foam (52 mg, 86%).

Example 436 (S)-5-[(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that describe in Example 434, a mixture of (S)-5-ethynyl-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide and 4-iodo-2-methylphenol were reacted to give the title compound as a light yellow solid (43 mg, 73%).

Example 437 (S)-2-hydroxy-5-{[5-({[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]amino}carbonyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethynyl}benzoic acid

In a manner similar to that describe in Example 434, a mixture of (S)-5-ethynyl-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide and 5-iodosalicyclic acid were reacted to give the title compound as a light tan solid (28 mg, 45%).

Example 438 (S)-4-{[5-({[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]amino}carbonyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethynyl}benzoic acid

In a manner similar to that describe in Example 434, a mixture of (S)-5-ethynyl-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide and 4-iodobenzoic acid were reacted to give the title compound as a light yellow solid (30 mg, 49%).

Example 439 (S)-5-(1H-imidazol-5-ylethynyl)-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that describe in Example 434, a mixture of (S)-5-ethynyl-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide and 5-iodo-1H-imidazole were reacted to give the title compound as a white foam (24 mg, 46%).

Example 440 (S)-5-(1H-imidazol-2-ylethynyl)-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that describe in Example 434, a mixture of (S)-5-ethynyl-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide and 2-iodo-1H-imidazole were reacted to give the title compound as a white solid (15 mg, 29%).

Example 441 (S)-5-[(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that describe in Example 434, a mixture of (S)-5-ethynyl-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide and 5-iodo-2-methyl-1H-imidazole were reacted to give the title compound as an off-white foam (28 mg, 51%).

Example 442 (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that describe in Example 431 a mixture of (S)-5-ethynyl-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide and 4-iodopyrazole were reacted to give the title compound as a white film (15 mg, 17%).

Example 443 (S)-5-[(6-hydroxypyridin-3-yl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

A solution of (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]-nicotinamide (150 mg, 0.42 mmol) and 2-hydroxy-5-iodopyridine (105.4 mg, 0.46 mmol) in DMF (2.1 mL) was degassed (vacuum and argon). The resulting solution was treated tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (24 mg, 0.021 mmol), triethylamine (0.08 mL, 0.55 mmol), and CuI (8 mg, 0.042 mmol). The reaction mixture was then heated to 85° C. and tetrabutylammonium fluoride (1.0 M solution in THF, 0.46 mL, 0.46 mmol) was added dropwise over 10 min. The reaction was allowed to be stirred at 85° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was partitioned between EtOAc and H₂O. The organic extracts and associated solid were collected and concentrated. The residue was purified by chromatography (silica gel, gradient elution MeOH—CHCl₃: 1:100-1:4). The product containing fractions were collected, concentrated, and the brown solid residue was triturated with a combination of MeOH and EtOAc. The resulting mixture was filtered and the filtrate allowed to stand at room temperature. The solid which precipitated from solution was collected and dried to give the title compound as a white solid (11 mg).

Example 444 (S)-5-(1H-indol-6-ylethynyl)-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 443, (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide (150 mg, 0.42 mmol) and 6-bromoindole (90.7 mg, 0.46 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound (30 mg).

Example 445 (S)-5-[(2,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-5-yl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 443, (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide (150 mg, 0.42 mmol) and 5-bromoisatin (116 mg, 0.46 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as a reddish oil (40 mg).

Example 446 (S)-5-[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 443, (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide (250 mg, 0.70 mmol) and 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine (173 mg, 0.70 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as white solid (250 mg).

Example 447 (S)-5-[(6-aminopyridin-3-yl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 443, (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide (100 mg, 0.28 mmol) and 2-amino-5-iodopyridine (69.3 mg, 0.31 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as light yellow solid (89 mg).

Example 448 (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 443, (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide (150 mg, 0.42 mmol) and 5-bromo-2-benzoxazolinone (102 mg, 0.46 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as light yellow solid (71 mg).

Example 449 (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-({4-[(2-thienylcarbonyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a 4 mL vial, thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (4-ethynyl-phenyl)-amide (0.100 g, 0.443 mmol) and (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (100 mg, 0.295 mmol) were added and dissolved into EtOAc (2 mL). The mixture was then degassed for ˜20 min after which NEt₃ (0.141 mL, 1.035 mmol) was added followed by Pd(PPh₃)₂Cl₂ (20.7 mg, 0.0295 mmol) and CuI (2.8 mg, 0.148 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to stir at 50° C. for 3 hours after which the reaction mixture was extracted twice with EtOAc (˜5 mL) and of water (˜5 mL). The organic extracts were combined and dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(S)) and then concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was then purified by chromatography (silica gel, gradient elution, 25% EtOAc/hexanes to 100% EtOAc/hexanes). The product containing fractions were concentrated to give the title compound as a tan solid (87 mg, 0.18 mmol, 61%).

Example 450 (S)-5-{[3-(acetylamino)phenyl]ethynyl}-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 449, N-(3-ethynyl-phenyl)-acetamide (0.0469 g, 0.443 mmol) and (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (100 mg, 0.295 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as a solid (83 mg, 0.20 mmol, 67%).

Example 451 (S)-5-({4-[(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 449, N-(4-ethynyl-phenyl)-2,6-difluoro-benzamide (0.114 g, 0.443 mmol) and (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (100 mg, 0.295 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as a solid (113 mg, 74%)

Example 452 (S)-5-({4-[(4-fluorobenzoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 449, N-(4-ethynyl-phenyl)-4-fluoro-benzamide (0.106 g, 0.443 mmol) and 5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (100 mg, 0.295 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as a solid (106 mg, 72%).

Example 453 (S)-5-({4-[(4-methylbenzoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 449, N-(4-ethynyl-phenyl)-4-methyl-benzamide (0.104 g, 0.443 mmol) and (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (100 mg, 0.295 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as a solid (118 mg, 81%).

Example 454 (S)-5-({4-[(2-methylbenzoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 449, N-(4-ethynyl-phenyl)-2-methyl-benzamide (0.104 g, 0.443 mmol) and (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (100 mg, 0.295 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound (109 mg, 75%).

Example 455 tert-butyl (4-{[5-({[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]amino}carbonyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethynyl}phenyl)carbamate Step 1 tert-butyl 4-ethynylphenylcarbamate

A dry 25 mL flask was charged with 3-ethynyl-phenylamine (0.100 g, 0.855 mmol) and then THF (5 mL) was added. Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (0.242 g, 1.11 mmol) was added to the THF solution followed by NEt₃ (0.231 mL, 1.71 mL). The mixture was allowed to stir at 55° C. after which it was cooled to room temperature and extracted twice with EtOAc (˜10 mL), water (˜10 mL) and saturated aqueous NaHCO₃. The combined organic extracts were dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(S)) and then concentrated to give the title compound (0.15 g, 0.67 mmol, 78%).

Step 2 (S)-tert-butyl (4-{[5-({[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]amino}carbonyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethynyl}phenyl)carbamate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 449, tert-butyl 4-ethynylphenylcarbamate (0.096 g, 0.443 mmol) and 5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (100 mg, 0.295 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as a solid (63 mg, 0.13 mmol, 45%).

Example 456 (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(2-thienylcarbonyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide Step 1 N-(3-ethynylphenyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide

A dry 25 mL flask was charged with thiophene-2-carbonyl chloride and THF (5 mL) was added. 3-Ethynyl-phenylamine (0.905 g, 3.59 mmol) was added to the THF solution of the acid chloride followed by NEt₃, and the mixture was allowed to stir at 55° C. The reaction mixture was then allowed to cool to room temperature and extracted with EtOAc (˜10 mL), 1M HCl (˜10 mL), followed by brine (˜10 mL). The combined organic extracts were combined and dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(S)) and the concentrated. The crude residue was purified by chromatography (silica gel, gradient elution EtOAc/Hexanes 0 to 50%). The product containing fractions were concentrated to give the title compound as a tan solid (0.33 mg, 1.45 mmol, 85%).

Step 2 (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(2-thienylcarbonyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 449, thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (3-ethynyl-phenyl)-amide (0.100 g, 0.443 mmol) and (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (100 mg, 0.295 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as a solid (44 mg, 0.092 mmol, 31%).

Example 457 (S)-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Step 1 2,5-Dimethyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (3-ethynyl-phenyl)-amide

A dry 25 mL flask was charged with 2,5-dimethyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carbonyl chloride (0.135 g, 0.854 mmol) and THF (5 mL) was added. 3-Ethynyl-phenylamine (0.100 g, 0.854 mmol) was added to the THF solution of the acid chloride followed by NEt₃, and the mixture was allowed to stir at 55° C. The reaction mixture was then allowed to cool to room temperature. The reaction was extracted twice with EtOAc (˜5 mL) and water (˜10 mL) followed by saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ (˜10 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na₂SO₄ (s) and then concentrated. The crude residue was purified by chromatography (silica gel, gradient elution EtOAc/Hexanes 0 to 60%). The product containing fractions were concentrated to give the title compound as a tan solid (147 mg. 72%).

Step 2 (S)-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 449, 2,5-Dimethyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (3-ethynyl-phenyl)-amide (0.0354 g, 0.222 mmol) and (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (0.050 g, 0.148 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as a white solid (47 mg, 64%).

Example 458 N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methylthienyl-2-carbonyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide Step 1 N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-3-methylthiophene-2-carboxamide

A dry 25 mL flask was charged with 3-methylthiophene-2-carboxylic acid (0.201 g, 1.41 mmol) followed by thionyl chloride (10 mL). The reaction was heated to 50° C. for 2 h after which the reaction was cooled to room temperature and concentrated to afford the crude acid chloride. The crude acid chloride was dissolved into 10 mL of THF and 3-ethynyl-phenylamine (0.165 g, 1.41 mmol) was added to the solution followed by NEt₃, and the mixture was allowed to stir at 55° C. for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and then partitioned between EtOAc and water. The organic layer was then washed once with of 1M HCl (˜10 mL) and then twice with of saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ (˜10 mL). The organic extracts were combined, dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(S)) and then concentrated to give the title compound as a tan solid (265 mg, 1.10 mmol, 78%).

Step 2 (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methylthienyl-2-carbonyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 449, N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-3-methylthiophene-2-carboxamide (0.213 g, 0.885 mmol) and (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (0.200 g, 0.590 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as a solid (274 mg, 93%).

Example 459 (S)-tert-butyl (3-{[5-({[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]amino}carbonyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethynyl}phenyl)carbamate Step 1 tert-butyl 3-ethynylphenylcarbamate

A dry 25 mL flask was charged with 3-ethynyl-phenylamine (0.100 g, 0.855 mmol) and THF (5 mL) was added. Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (0.242 g, 1.11 mmol) was added to the THF solution followed by NEt₃ (0.23 mL, 1.71 mmol). The mixture was allowed to stir at 55° C. after which it was cooled to room temperature and extracted twice with EtOAc (˜10 mL), water (˜10 mL) and saturated aqueous NaHCO₃. The combined organic extracts were dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(S)) and then concentrated to give the title compound (0.13 g, 0.67 mmol, 72%).

Step 2 (S)-tert-butyl (3-{[5-({[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]amino}carbonyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethynyl}phenyl)carbamate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 449, tert-butyl 3-ethynylphenylcarbamate (0.098 g, 0.443 mmol) and (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (0.100 g, 0.295 mmol) reacted to give the title compounds as a white solid (32 mg, 23%).

Example 460 (S)-5-({3-[(2-methylbenzoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Step 1 N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-2-methylbenzamide

A dry 25 mL flask was charged with 2-methylbenzoyl chloride (0.155 g, 1.00 mmol) was cooled to room temperature, and THF (10 mL) was added. 3-Ethynyl-phenylamine (0.117 g, 1.00 mmol) was added to the THF solution of the acid chloride followed by NEt₃ (0.272 mL, 2.00 mmol), and the mixture was allowed to stir at 55° C. The reaction mixture was then allowed to cool to room temperature and partitioned between EtOAc (10 mL) and H₂O (15 mL). The organic layer was washed with then washed once with 1M HCl (˜20 mL) followed by of saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ (˜20 mL) and of brine (˜20 mL). The organic extracts were concentrated and the crude residue was purified by chromatography (silica gel, gradient elution EtOAc/hexanes 10 to 70%). The product containing fractions were concentrated to give the title compound as a tan solid (434 mg, 0.88 mmol, 88%).

Step 2 (S)-5-({3-[(2-methylbenzoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a 4 mL vial, N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-2-methylbenzamide (0.104 g, 0.443 mmol) and (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (0.100 g, 0.295 mmol) were added and dissolved into EtOAc (2 mL) The mixture was then degassed for ˜20 min after which NEt₃ (0.141 mL, 1.035 mmol) was added followed by Pd(PPh₃)₂Cl₂ (21.0 mg, 0.030 mmol) and CuI (2.9 mg, 0.016 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to stir at 50° C. for 4 hours after which the reaction mixture was partitioned between EtOAc (4 mL) and water (4 mL). The organic extracts were combined, dried over anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and concentrated. The residue as purified by chromatography (silica gel, gradient elution 25% EtOAc/Hexanes EtOAc). The product containing fractions were concentrated to give the title compound as a solid (121 mg, 83%).

Example 461 (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methylfuryl-2-carbonyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide Step 1 N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-3-methylfuran-2-carboxamide

A dry 25 mL flask was charged with 3-methylfuran-2-carboxylic acid (0.500 g, 3.46 mmol) and thionyl chloride (10 mL). The reaction was heated to 50° C. and allowed to react for 2 h. The reaction was then cooled to room temperature and concentrated affording the crude acid chloride. The acid chloride was then dissolved in THF (5 mL) and 3-ethynyl-phenylamine (0.41 g, 3.47 mmol) was added followed by NEt₃ (0.95 mL, 7 mmol). The mixture was allowed to stir at 55° C. for 3 hours and the cooled to room temperature. The reaction was then partitioned between EtOAc and water. The organic layer was then washed once with 1M HCl (5 mL) and then once with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ (5 mL). The organic extracts were then concentrated to give the title compound as a light brown solid (631 mg, 2.80 mmol, 81%).

Step 2 (S)—N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methylfuryl-2-carbonyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 460, N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-3-methylfuran-2-carboxamide (0.199 g, 0.885 mmol) and (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (0.200 g, 0.590 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as a solid (243 mg, 87%).

Example 462 (S)-tert-butyl (5-{[5-({[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]amino}carbonyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethynyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamate Step 1 tert-butyl (5-bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamate

The title compound was prepared by a modification of the procedure described in J. Med. Chem. 2005, 48, 1886-1900. A mixture of 2-amino-6-bromothiazole monohydrobromide (390 mg, 1.5 mmol) and NaHCO₃ (441 mg, 5.3 mmol) in 6.0 mL tert-butyl alcohol was heated for 1 minute at near reflux, then cooled to room temperature. To this mixture was added DMAP (18 mg, 0.15 mmol) and di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (1.0 M in THF, 1.65 mL) and the reaction stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. In order to drive reaction to completion, additional di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (1.0 M in THF, 0.5 mL) was added, the reaction heated at 50° C. for 2 hours, then di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (1.0 M in THF, 1.0 mL) and 100 mg NaHCO₃ added and continued heating at 50° C. an additional 2 hours. The mixture was filtered and rinsed with EtOAc, then the EtOAc filtrate washed with H₂O, dilute aqueous HCl, saturated NaHCO₃ solution, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The brown solid was chromatographed eluting with hexane/EtOAc and the product triturated with hexane to give the title compound as a cream solid (204 mg, 49%).

Step 2 (S)-tert-butyl (5-{[5-({[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]amino}carbonyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethynyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide (73 mg, 0.21 mmol), tert-butyl (5-bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamate (74 mg, 0.27 mmol), dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) (14 mg, 0.02 mmol), triphenylphosphine (2.7 mg, 0.004 mmol) and triethylamine (0.071 mL, 0.51 mmol) in 1.8 mL DMF at room temperature was degassed using vacuum and a H₂/N₂ (1:1) mixture and then copper(I)iodide (2 mg, 0.01 mmol) added. While stirring the mixture at room temperature, tetrabutylammonium fluoride (1.0 M in THF, 0.21 mL) was added over 2.5 minutes. After 5 minutes the reaction was heated at 60° C. for 2 hours. The reaction was partitioned between EtOAc and H₂O and the EtOAc layer washed with H₂O, aqueous HCl, saturated NaHCO₃ solution, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and concentrated. The brown oil was chromatographed eluting with hexane/acetone and the product containing fractions were concentrated to give the title compound as a light yellow solid (17 mg, 18%).

Example 463 (S)-5-[(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

To a solution containing tert-butyl (5-{[5-({[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]amino}carbonyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethynyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamate (16 mg, 0.032 mmol) in 2.0 mL dichloromethane at room temperature was added trifluoroacetic acid (0.099 mL, 1.3 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 17 hours, then partitioned between EtOAc and saturated NaHCO₃ solution. The EtOAc layer was washed with H₂O, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The resulting solid film was purified by chromatography (silica gel, CHCl₃/EtOAc) to give the title compound as a tan solid (9 mg, 74%).

Example 464 (S)-5-{[2-(benzoylamino)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]ethynyl}-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-lambda˜4˜-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Step 1 N-(5-bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide

A mixture of 2-amino-6-bromothiazole monohydrobromide (156 mg, 0.6 mmol) in 2.0 mL pyridine (degassed) at room temperature was added benzoyl chloride (0.058 mL, 0.5 mmol) over 1 minute. After stirring at room temperature for 20 minutes the reaction was quenched with H₂O, and then extracted into EtOAc. The EtOAc layer was washed with H₂O, saturated NaHCO₃ solution, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The solid was triturated with hot 10% EtOAc/hexane to give a quantitative yield (142 mg) of the title compound as a light tan solid.

Step 2 5-{[2-(benzoylamino)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]ethynyl}-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 462, 5-ethynyl-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (74 mg, 0.26 mmol), N-(5-bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide (74 mg, 0.26 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as a cream solid (33 mg, 26%).

Example 465 (S)-6-amino-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Step 1 methyl 6-amino-5-iodonicotinate

To a solution of iodine (3.55 g, 14.0 mmol) in 100 mL absolute ethanol at room temperature was added silver sulfate (4.37 g, 14.0 mmol) and methyl 6-aminonicotinate (1.52 g, 10.0 mmol). After 42 hours the reaction was filtered to isolate a tan precipitate. The solid was heated with 20% MeOH/CHCl₃ then cooled to room temperature, filtered, and rinsed with MeOH and CHCl₃. The filtrate was evaporated, dissolved in hot MeOH, filtered to remove brownish impurities, and then crystallized from MeOH to give the title compound as a light tan solid (1.73 g, 62%).

Step 2 6-amino-5-iodonicotinic acid

A solution of methyl 6-amino-5-iodonicotinate (723 mg, 2.6 mmol) and potassium hydroxide (729 mg, 13.0 mmol) in 40 mL methanol/H₂O (3:1 ratio) was heated at 50° C. After 4 hours 10 mL THF was added and the reaction continued until 22 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and concentrated HCl added until the solution was pH 4. The solution was concentrated to a volume of 15 mL and the resulting precipitate filtered, rinsed with H₂O and 40% EtOAc/hexane to give the title compound as a white solid (443 mg, 65%).

Step 3 (S)-6-amino-5-iodo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

To a solution of 6-amino-5-iodonicotinic acid (330 mg, 1.3 mmol), N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.44 mL, 2.5 mmol), and (S)-(+)-S-methyl-5-phenylsulfoximine (291 mg, 1.9 mmol) in 7.0 mL DMF at room temperature was added BOP (608 mg, 1.4 mmol). The solution was stirred 10 minutes and then heated at 60° C. for 5 hours. The mixture was dissolved in EtOAc, washed with Na₂CO₃ solution, H₂O, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The brown oil was purified by chromatography (silica gel, hexane/acetone). The product containing fractions were purified by chromatography one additional time (silica gel, EtOAc/MeOH). To give the title compound as a white foam (354 mg, 71%).

Step 4 (S)-6-amino-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

To a degassed solution containing (S)-6-amino-5-iodo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (345 mg, 0.86 mmol) in 6.0 mL DMF at room temperature was added triethylamine (0.36 mL, 2.6 mmol), trimethylsilylacetylene (0.24 mL, 1.7 mmol), dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) (60 mg, 0.09 mmol), and copper(I)iodide (16 mg, 0.09 mmol). After stirring at room temperature for 1 hour, the reaction was partitioned between EtOAc and H₂O. The EtOAc layer was washed with saturated NaHCO₃, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. Then added 30 mL ethyl ether to the dark oil, filtered to remove the dark precipitate. The organic extracts were concentrated and the residue was purified by chromatography (silica gel, ethyl ether/EtOAc) to the title compound as a tan foam (317 mg, 99%).

Example 466 (S)-6-amino-5-ethynyl-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

To a solution of (S)-6-amino-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide (308 mg, 0.83 mmol) in 20 mL THF/methanol (1:1 ratio) at 0° C. was added K₂CO₃ (344 mg, 2.5 mmol) added. After 7 minutes the solution was decanted from the solids and partitioned between EtOAc and H₂O. The EtOAc layer was washed with brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The brown oil was purified by chromatography (silica gel, CHCl₃/EtOAc) to give the title compound as a white solid (193 mg, 78%).

Example 467 6-amino-5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

A mixture of (S)-6-amino-5-ethynyl-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (60 mg, 0.2 mmol), 3-iodophenol (66 mg, 0.3 mmol), triethylamine (0.07 mL, 0.5 mmol), dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) (14 mg, 0.02 mmol), triphenylphosphine (1.3 mg, 0.005 mmol) in 1.8 mL DMF at room temperature was degassed using a H₂/N₂ (1:1) mixture and then copper(I)iodide (2 mg, 0.01 mmol) added. The reaction was heated at 60° C. for 15 minutes and then partitioned between EtOAc and saturated NaHCO₃. The EtOAc layer was washed with brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated to a brown oil. Before chromatography a different lot of product (23 mg) was added and the combined lots were purified by chromatography (silica gel, EtOAc/EtOH) to the title compound as an off-white solid (91 mg, 89%).

Example 468 (S)-6-amino-5-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-6-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that describe in Example 467, (S)-6-amino-5-ethynyl-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide and 4-iodophenol are converted to the title compound (41 mg, 62%).

Example 469 (S)-2-amino-5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Step 1 (S)-2-amino-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

To a solution of 2-amino-5-bromonicotinic acid (189 mg, 0.87 mmol), N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.30 mL, 1.7 mmol), and (S)-(+)-S-methyl-5-phenylsulfoximine (162 mg, 1.0 mmol) in 4.0 mL DMF at room temperature was added BOP (423 mg, 0.96 mmol). The solution was stirred 30 minutes, then heated at 60° C. for 30 minutes, and then cooled back to room temperature. After 19 hours, the mixture was dissolved in EtOAc, washed with Na₂CO₃ solution, H₂O, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The yellow foam was purified by chromatography (silica gel, CHCl₃/EtOAc) to give the title compound as a light yellow solid (260 mg, 84%).

Step 2 (S)-2-amino-5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

To a degassed solution containing (S)-2-amino-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (106 mg, 0.3 mmol) and 3-hydroxyphenylacetylene (50 mg, 0.42 mmol) in 2.0 mL EtOAc at room temperature was added triethylamine (0.13 mL, 0.9 mmol), dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) (21 mg, 0.03 mmol), and copper(I)iodide (6 mg, 0.03 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 70° C. for 3.3 hours. Additional 3-hydroxyphenylacetylene was added (50 mg, 0.42 mmol) and then again at 5.3 hours (75 mg, 0.63 mmol). The reaction was cooled to room temperature, and after 23 hours additional dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) (20 mg, 0.03 mmol) was added. The reaction was heated to 60° C. and 3-hydroxyphenylacetylene (120 mg, 1.0 mmol) in 0.7 mL EtOAc (degassed) added dropwise over 7 minutes. The heat was removed after 1 hour and the reaction stirred an additional 22 hours at room temperature. The reaction was dissolved in EtOAc and washed with H₂O. The EtOAc layer was extracted with 2% aqueous HCl. The combined acidic aqueous layers were washed with 30% EtOAc/hexane and then made basic with Na₂CO₃. The basic aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. Then the combined organic layers washed with brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and concentrated. The yellow oil was purified by chromatography (silica gel, CHCl₃/EtOAc) to give the title compound as a white solid (5 mg, 4%).

Example 470 Step 1 (S)-trimethyl {[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]amino}silane

To a stirred pre-warmed solution of (S)-(+)-S-methyl-5-phenylsulphoximine (3 g, 18.7 mmol) in acetonitrile (2 mL) at 65° C. was added (trimethylsilyl)diethylamine (4.12 g, 21.1 mmol) dropwise via a syringe. The reaction was maintained at 65° C. and stirred for 3 hours. Additional amount of (trimethylsilyl)diethylamine (2 mL, 10.2 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 65° C. overnight. The reaction was then concentrated under reduced pressure and dried under vacuum to give the title compound. This material was used directly in next step of the synthesis without further purification.

Step 2 (S)-Ethyl [S-phenyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)sulfonimidoyl]acetate

To a 100 mL round bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir-bar and a rubber septum was added a solution of 2,2,6,6-tetra-methylpiperidine (8.91 mL, 52.5 mmol) in anhydrous THF (22 mL). The solution was cooled to 0° C. and was treated with n-BuLi (18 mL, 45 mmol) (2.5 M in hexanes) via a syringe. The resulting solution was stirred for 10 min at 0° C., cooled to −78° C., and treated dropwise with a solution of (S)-trimethyl{[methyl(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]amino}silane (18.7 mmol) in THF (10 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 30 min and then was treated with ethyl chloroformate (5.16 mL, 52.5 mmol) dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred for an hour and warmed to room temperature. The reaction mixture was treated with saturated aqueous NH₄Cl (2.5 mL). The white solid which formed was collected by filtration and discarded. The filtrate was treated with additional saturated aqueous NH₄Cl solution and the resulting mixture was stored in a −20° C. fridge for 15 hours. The organic layer was collected and concentrated to give the title compound. This material was used directly in the next step of the synthesis

Step 3 (S)-Ethyl (S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)acetate

A solution of Ethyl [S-phenyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)sulfonimidoyl]acetate (18.7 mmol, obtained as crude oil from step 2) in MeOH—H₂O (10:1, 7.5 mL) was treated with cesium fluoride (0.25 g, 1.65 mmol) in one portion. The reaction mixture was heated to 50° C. and stirred for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated, the residue absorbed to silica gel and purified by chromatography (silica gel, EtOAc-Hexane, Et₃N 0.1%). The product containing fractions were concentrated to give the title compound as a pale yellow oil (1.65 g, 39% for steps 1-3).

Step 4 (S)-Ethyl {N-[(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)carbonyl]-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl}acetate

To a solution of 5-bromonicotinic acid (343 mg, 1.66 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (5.5 μL) was added N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.58 mL, 3.32 mmol) and ethyl (S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)acetate (415 mg, 1.83 mmol) followed by the final addition of (benzotriazol-1-yloxy)-tris(dimethylamino)-phosphonium hexafluorophophate (0.81 g, 1.83 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 min, and then partitioned between saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ and EtOAc. The organic layer was separated and washed once with brine and dried over anhydrous Na₂SO₄. The organic layer was concentrated and the residue purified by chromatography (silica gel, gradient elution (5:1 Hexane/EtOAc to 3:1 Hexane/EtOAc). The product containing fractions were concentrated to give the title compound as a white solid (230 mg, 34%).

Step 5 (S)-Ethyl [N-({5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]acetate

A solution ethyl {N-[(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)carbonyl]-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl}acetate (216 mg, 0.52 mmol) and 3-hydroxyphenylacetylene (0.052 mL, 0.79 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (3 mL) was treated with triethylamine (0.22 mL, 1.58 mmol). The reaction mixture was degassed (alternating vacuum and argon) and PdCl₂(Ph₃P)₂ (36.9 mg, 0.052 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (3.4 mg, 0.013 mmol) were added. The reaction mixture was degassed (alternating vacuum and argon) and placed under an atmosphere of 1:3 Argon/hydrogen atmosphere. Copper(1⁺) iodide was added and the reaction mixture was heated at 60° C. for 50 min. The brown reaction mixture was partitioned between saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ and EtOAc. The organic layer was collected and washed further with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ (1×), brine (1×), and dried over anhydrous Na₂SO₄. The residue was purified by chromatography (silica gel, 50:1 CHCl₃:MeOH). The product containing fractions were concentrated to give the title compound as a light yellow solid (220 mg, 94%).

Example 471 (S)—N-[(2-{[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]amino}-2-oxoethyl)(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

(S)-Ethyl [N-({5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]acetate (73 mg, 0.16 mmol) in anhydrous MeOH (1.5 mL) was added N,N-diethylethylenediamine (0.12 mL, 0.84 mmol) dropwise. The reaction mixture was heated at 30° C. for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was evaporated and the residue was partitioned between EtOAc and saturated aqueous NaHCO₃. The organic layer was washed once with brine, dried (anhydrous Na₂SO₄), concentrated. The residue was purified by chromatography (silica gel, 50:1 CHCl₃:MeOH to 10:1 CHCl₃:MeOH). The product containing fractions were concentrated to give the title compound as a foamy solid (50 mg, 59%).

Example 472 (S)—N-[{2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 471, (S)-Ethyl [N-({5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]acetate (65 mg, 0.14 mmol) and 2-(methylamino)ethanol (0.1 mL, 1.2 mmol) were reacted to give the title as clear oil (42 mg, 61%).

Example 473 5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]-N-{[2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 471, (S)-Ethyl [N-({5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]acetate (50 mg, 0.11 mmol) and methylamine (2.0 M solution in MeOH, 0.5 mL, 1.0 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as colorless oil (43 mg, 90%).

Example 474 N-[{2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 471, (S)-Ethyl [N-({5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]acetate (75 mg, 0.17 mmol) and ethanolamine (0.05 mL, 0.84 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as colorless oil (63 mg, 81%)

Example 475 N-[{2-[(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}(oxo)phenyl-λ⁶-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 471, (S)-Ethyl [N-({5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]acetate (75 mg, 0.17 mmol) and glycinamide hydrochloride (95 mg, 0.84 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as colorless oil (40 mg, 50%).

Example 476 (S)-5-[(2-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Step 1 N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 457, 2,5-dimethyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carbonyl chloride (0.135 g, 0.854 mmol) was and 2-ethynyl-phenylamine (0.100 g, 0.854 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as a tan solid (0.101 mg, 53%).

Step 2 (S)-5-[(2-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 460 (step 2) N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (0.0354 g, 0.222) and (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (0.050 g, 0.148 mmol) reacted to give the title compound as a white solid (0.025 g, 34%).

Example 477 (S)-5-({2-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)-N-[methyl(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Step 1 3-Methyl-furan-2-carboxylic acid (2-ethynyl-phenyl)-amide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 458 (step 1), 3-methylthiophene-2-carboxylic acid (0.100 g, 0.794 mmol) and 2-ethynyl-phenylamine (0.093 g, 0.794 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound as a tan solid (0.110 g, 56%).

Step 2 (S)-5-({2-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)-N-[methyl(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 460 (step 2), (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (0.050 g, 0.148 mmol) and 3-methyl-furan-2-carboxylic acid (2-ethynyl-phenyl)-amide (0.050 g, 0.222 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound (0.031 g, 43%).

Example 478 (S)-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)amino]carbonyl}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Step 1 N-(2,5-Dimethyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yl)-3-ethynyl-benzamide

3-Ethynylbenzoic acid (0.1 g, 0.685 mmol) was added to a dry 50 mL round bottom flask and dissolved in DMF (6.85 mL). To the resulting solution was added 1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (0.076 g, 0.685 mmol), followed by BOP (0.393 g, 0.890 mmol), and 0.238 mL of DIPEA (1.37 mmol). This reaction mixture was heated to 50° C. for 3 h. After allowing the reaction to cool to room temperature it was taken up in EtOAc (15 mL) and extracted with brine (3×15 mL). The EtOAc layer was then washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ (2×15 mL). The organics were dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(s)), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified via column chromatography (silica gel, gradient eluant mixture of EtOAc in Hexanes: 0% to 100% EtOAc) affording N-(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-3-ethynylbenzamide (0.128 g, 78%).

Step 2 (S)-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)amino]carbonyl}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 460 (step 2), (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (0.141 g, 0.418 mmol) and N-(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-3-ethynylbenzamide (0.1 g, 0.418 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound (0.126 g, 61%)

Example 479 (S)-5-({3-[(methoxyamino)carbonyl]phenyl}ethynyl)-N-[methyl(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Step 1 3-Ethynyl-N-methoxy-benzamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 478 (step 1), 3-ethynylbenzoic acid (0.1 g, 0.685 mmol) and O-methylhydroxylamine hydrogen chloride (0.057 g, 0.685 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound (0.128 g, 61%).

Step 2 (S)-5-({3-[(methoxyamino)carbonyl]phenyl}ethynyl)-N-[methyl(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 460 (step 2), (S)-5-bromo-N-[methyl(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (0.100 g, 0.295 mmol) and 3-Ethynyl-N-methoxy-benzamide (0.106 g, 0.442 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound yield (0.126 g, 86%)

Example 480 Methyl 3-{4-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]-amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]phenyl}-propanoate Step 1 5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)-ethynyl]nicotinic acid

In a 50 mL round bottom flask, N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (0.888 g, 3.71 mmol) and 5-bromo nicotinic acid (0.50 g, 2.47 mmol) were dissolved in DMF (15 mL) The mixture was then degassed by bubbling N_(2(g)) through it for ˜20 min. The mixture was then treated sequentially with NEt₃ (1.37 mL, 9.90 mmol), Pd(PPh₃)₂Cl₂ (0.173 g, 0.247 mmol) and CuI (0.094 g, 4.95 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to stir at 50° C. for 4 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (25 μL) causing a pale yellow precipitate to form. The white precipitate was filtered off giving the title compound (0.105 g, 12%).

Step 2 Methyl 3-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]propanoate

In a 100 mL round bottom flask, 3-(4-(methylthio)phenyl)propanoic acid (1.00 g, 5.10 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (17 mL) under N_(2(g)). CDI (1.24 g, 7.65 mmol) was then added to the reaction mixture and the resulting mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for ˜45 min. MeOH (6 μL) was then added in dropwise fashion to the reaction. The reaction was allowed to stir for an additional 1 h, after which time it was extracted with EtOAc (3×50 μL) and brine (3×50 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(s)), filtered and concentrated. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (silica gel, gradient elution mixture: 10% EtOAc in Hexanes to 100% EtOAc) to give the title compound (0.771 g, 72%).

Step 3 Methyl 3-[4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl]propanoate

In a 250 mL round bottom flask, methyl 3-(4-(methylthio)phenyl)propanoate (0.50 g, 2.38 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH under a N_(2(g)). The resulting solution was cooled to 0° C., then 0.5 M NaIO₄ (4.76 mL, 2.38 mmol) was added dropwise to the cooled solution causing the formation of a white precipitate. The reaction was allowed to warm to room temperature. When HPLC indicated complete consumption of starting thioether, the reaction was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The resulting residue was taken up in CHCl₃ (25 mL) then extracted with brine. The brine layer was subsequently extracted with CHCl₃ (2×25 mL). The combined organic extracts were then dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(s)), filtered and concentrated. The resulting sulfoxide was then purified by passing through a plug of silica using EtOAc/Hexanes as eluant affording methyl 3-(4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl)propanoate (0.436 g, 81%).

Step 4 Methyl 3-{4-[S-methyl-N-(trifluoroacetyl)sulfonimidoyl]phenyl}-propanoate

In a 100 mL round bottom flask, methyl 3-(4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl)propanoate (0.4 g, 1.77 mmol) was added to CH₂Cl₂ (18 mL). Subsequently the reaction was treated with MgO (0.285 g, 7.08 mmol), trifluoroacetamide (0.400 g, 3.54 mmol), PhI(OAc)₄ (0.884 g, 2.66 mmol), and Rh₂(OAc)₄ (19.55 mg, 0.0443 mmol). The suspension was stirred overnight then filtered through celite. The filtrate was the concentrated. The resulting residue was purified via column chromatography (silica gel, gradient eluant mixture: 20% EtOAc in hexanes to 100% EtOAc) to give the title compound (0.294 g, 69%).

Step 5: Methyl 3-[4-(S-methylsulfonimidoyl)phenyl]propanoate

Methyl 3-{4-[S-methyl-N-(trifluoroacetyl)sulfonimidoyl]phenyl}propanoate (0.200 g, 0.653 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH (3 mL). K₂CO₃ (0.450 g, 3.27 mmol) was added to the solution, and the resulting suspension was allowed to stir for 5 minutes. The suspension was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc and dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(S)) to give the title compound (0.147 g, 93%).

Step 6 Methyl 3-{4-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]-amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]phenyl}-propanoate

A solution of 5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)-ethynyl]nicotinic acid (0.149 g, 0.414 mmol) in DMF (4 mL) was treated with methyl 3-(4-(S-methylsulfonimidoyl)phenyl)propanoate (0.100 g, 0.414 mmol), followed by BOP (0.238 g, 0.539 mmol) and DIPEA (0.144 mL, 0.830 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to 50° C. for 3 h. After allowing the reaction to cool to room temperature it was taken up in EtOAc (10 mL) and extracted with brine (3×10 mL). The EtOAc layer was then washed with saturated aqueous Na₂CO₃ (2×10 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(s)), filtered and concentrated. The crude residue was purified via column chromatography (silica gel, gradient elution, EtOAc in Hexanes: 0% to 100% EtOAc) affording the title compound (0.108 g, 45%).

Example 481 3-{4-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}-phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]phenyl}propanoic acid

A solution of Methyl 3-{4-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}-phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]phenyl}propanoate (0.075 g, 0.129 mmol) in THF (3 mL) was cooled to 0° C. and slowly treated with 0.5M NaOH (1.29 mL, 0.643 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to slowly come to room temperature. Once the reaction was done by TLC, the reaction was acidified with acetic acid and then extracted with EtOAc (20 mL) and H₂O (20 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(s)), filtered, and concentrated to give the title compound (0.052 g, 71%)

Example 482 N-[(4-{[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino}phenyl)(methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide Step 1: tert-Butyl [4-(methylthio)phenyl]carbamate

4-Methylsulfanyl-phenylamine (0.5 g, 3.59 mmol) was dissolved in THF (12 mL) The resulting solution was treated with di-tert butyl dicarbonate (1.02 g, 4.67 mmol) and then with TEA (1.5 mL, 10.78 mmol). The reaction was heated at 50° C. for 3 h and then allowed to cool to room temperature. The cool reaction mixture was taken up in EtOAc (20 mL) and extracted with H₂O (20 mL). The organic layer was further washed with a saturated aqueous solution of NaHCO₃ (20 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(s)), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude mixture was purified via column chromatography (gradient eluant mixture of EtOAc in Hexanes: 0% to 100% EtOAc) to the title compound (0.652 g, 76%).

Step 2: tert-Butyl [4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl]carbamate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 480 (step 3), tert-Butyl [4-(methylthio)phenyl]carbamate (0.650 g, 2.72 mmol) was converted to the title compound (0.347 g, 50%).

Step 3: tert-butyl {4-[S-methyl-N-(trifluoroacetyl)sulfonimidoyl]phenyl}-carbamate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 480 (step 4), tert-Butyl [4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl]carbamate (0.300 g, 1.18 mmol) was converted to the title 10 compound (0.224 g, 52%).

Step 4: tert-Butyl [4-(S-methylsulfonimidoyl)phenyl]carbamate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 480 (step 5), tert-butyl {4-[S-methyl-N-(trifluoroacetyl)sulfonimidoyl]phenyl}-carbamate (0.224 g, 0.612 mmol) was converted to the title compound (0.150 g, 91%).

Step 5: tert-butyl (4-{N-[(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)carbonyl]-S-methylsulfonimidoyl}phenyl)carbamate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 480 (step 6), tert-Butyl [4-(S-methylsulfonimidoyl)phenyl]carbamate (0.141 g, 0.522 mmol) and 5-bromonicotinic acid (0.104 g, 0.522 mmol), were converted to the title compound (0.177 g, 75%).

Step 6: N-[(4-{[tertbutyloxycarbonyl]amino}phenyl)(methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 460, tert-butyl (4-{N-[(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)carbonyl]-S-methylsulfonimidoyl}phenyl)carbamate (0.158 g, 0.349 mmol) and 2,5-dimethyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (3-ethynyl-phenyl)-amide (0.125 g, 0.0524 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound (0.108 g, 51%).

Step 7: N-[(4-{amino}phenyl)(methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

The BOC protected N-[(4-{amino}phenyl)(methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide (0.108 g, 0.177 mmol) was dissolved in CHCl₃ (3.5 mL) and the resulting solution was cooled to 0° C. The resulting reaction mixture was then treated slowly with CF₃COOH (1 mL) and allowed to stir while warming to rt. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours and then was diluted with CHCl₃ (5 mL). The organic mixture was extracted with H₂O (5 mL), then with a saturated aqueous solution of NaHCO₃ (2×5 mL) and then with brine (5 mL). The organic layer was then dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(s)), filtered and concentrated in vacuo give the title compound (0.086 g, 95%).

Step 8: N-[(4-{[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino}phenyl)(methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

N-[(4-{amino}phenyl)(methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide (0.085 g, 0.168 mmol) was dissolved in dioxane (1.7 mL) then treated with (3-Chloro-propyl)-diethyl-amine (0.047 g, 0.252 mmol) and TEA (0.070 mL, 0.504 mmol). The reaction mixture was then heated to 100° C. for 48 h then cooled to room temperature. The cooled mixture was dissolved in EtOAc (5 mL) and then extracted with water (3×5 mL) and with brine (5 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(s)), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude mixture was purified via column chromatography (gradient eluant mixture of MeOH in EtOAc: 0% to 20% MeOH) to give the title compound (4 mg, 3.5%).

Example 483 Methyl 3-[4-(S-methyl-N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}sulfonimidoyl)phenyl]propanoate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 480 (step 6), Methyl 3-(4-(S-methylsulfonimidoyl)phenyl)propanoate (0.25 g, 1.037 mmol) and 5-((3-(3-methylfuran-2-carboxamido)phenyl)ethynyl)nicotinic acid (0.326 g, 0.943 mmol) reacted to give the title compound (0.508 g, 86%).

Example 484 3-[4-(S-methyl-N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}-ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}sulfonimidoyl)phenyl]propanoic acid

In a manner similar to that described in Example 481, Methyl 3-(4-(S-methyl-N-(5-((3-(3-methylfuran-2-carboxamido)phenyl)ethynyl)-nicotinoyl)-sulfonimidoyl)phenyl)propanoate (0.4 g, 0.703 mmol) was converted to the title compound (0.350 g, 89%).

Example 485 5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)-N-{methyl[4-(3-morpholin-4-yl-3-oxopropyl)phenyl]oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}nicotinamide

3-[4-(S-methyl-N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}-ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}sulfonimidoyl)phenyl]propanoic acid (0.050 g, 0.090 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (1 mL) then treated with BOP (0.051 g, 0.117 mmol) and TEA (0.050 mL, 0.360 mmol) and allowed to stir for 20 min. Morpholine (0.015 mL, 0.180 mmol) was then added and the reaction was allowed to stir for an additional 4 h. The resulting reaction mixture was dissolved in EtOAc (5 mL) and then extracted with brine (2×5 mL). The organic layer was then dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(s)), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude mixture was then purified via column chromatography (silica gel, gradient eluant mixture of MeOH in EtOAc: 0% to 0% MeOH) give the title compound (0.023 g, 41%).

Example 486 N-[(4-{3-[(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)(methyl)amino]-3-oxopropyl}phenyl)-(methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}-ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 485, 3-[4-(S-methyl-N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}-ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}sulfonimidoyl)-phenyl]propanoic acid (0.050 g, 0.090 mmol) and 3-methylamino-propane-1,2-diol (0.050 mL, 0.520 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound (0.020 g, 35%).

Example 487 N-[{4-[3-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropyl]phenyl}(methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}-ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 485, 3-[4-(S-methyl-N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}-ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}sulfonimidoyl)-phenyl]propanoic acid (0.050 g, 0.090 mmol) and pyrrolidin-3-ol (0.016 g, 0.180 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound (0.015 g, 27%).

Example 488 N-{[4-(3-{4-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl}-3-oxopropyl)phenyl] (methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 485, 3-[4-(S-methyl-N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}-ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}sulfonimidoyl)-phenyl]propanoic acid (0.050 g, 0.090 mmol) and 2-(2-piperazin-1-yl-ethoxy)-ethanol (0.030 mL, 0.180 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound (0.030 g, 47%).

Example 489 2-hydroxyethyl 3-[4-(S-methyl-N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}sulfonimidoyl)phenyl]propanoate

3-[4-(S-methyl-N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}-ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}sulfonimidoyl)phenyl]propanoic acid (0.150 g, 0.270 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (2.7 mL) then treated with EDCI (0.062 g, 0.324 mmol) and DMAP (0.003 g, 0.027 mmol) and allowed to stir at 60° C. for 30 min. Ethylene glycol (3 mL) was then added and the reaction was allowed to stir for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled to room temperature and dissolved in EtOAc (10 mL) and extracted with brine (3×10 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(s)), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude mixture was then redisolved in EtOAc (1 mL) and triturated with Hexanes (20 mL) causing the product to precipitate out. The resulting white solid to give the title compound (0.125 g, 77%).

Example 490 N-{[4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}-ethynyl)nicotinamide Step 1: tert-butyl(dimethyl) {[4-(methylthio)benzyl]oxy}silane

t-Butyldimethylsilyl chloride (2.45 g, 16.2 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (3.25 mL) then treated with imidazole (2.21 g, 32.4 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to stir for 20 minutes before 4-Methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-methanol (0.5 g, 3.25 mmol) was added. The reaction was stirred overnight and then dissolved in EtOAc (20 mL). The organic mixture was extracted with H₂O (3×10 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(s)), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was then purified via column chromatography (gradient eluant mixture of EtOAc in Hexanes: 0% to 100% EtOAc to give the title compound (0.828 g, 95%).

Step 2: tert-butyl(dimethyl){[4-(methylsulfinyl)benzyl]oxy}silane

In a manner similar to that described in Example 480 (step 3), tert-Butyl-dimethyl-(4-methylsulfanyl-benzyloxy)-silane (0.828 g, 3.08 mmol), was converted to the title compound in 82% yield (0.716 g, 82%).

Step 3: tert-Butyl(dimethyl){[4-(S— methyl-N-(trifluoroacetyl)-sulfonimidoyl)benzyl]oxy}silane

In a manner similar to that described in Example 480 (step 4), tert-butyl(dimethyl){[4-(methylsulfinyl)benzyl]oxy}silane (0.716 g, 2.52 mmol) was converted to the title compound (0.524 g, 52%).

Step 4: tert-Butyl(dimethyl) {[4-(S-methylsulfonimidoyl)benzyl]oxy}silane

In a manner similar to that described in Example 480 (step 5), tert-Butyl(dimethyl) {[4-(S— methyl-N-(trifluoroacetyl)-sulfonimidoyl)benzyl]oxy}silane (0.524 g, 1.32 mmol) was converted to the title compound (0.385 g, 97%).

Step 5: N-{[4-({[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)phenyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}-ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 480 (step 6), tert-Butyl(dimethyl){[4-(S-methylsulfonimidoyl)benzyl]oxy}silane (0.485 g, 1.62 mmol) and 5-((3-(3-methylfuran-2-carboxamido)phenyl)ethynyl)nicotinic acid (0.561 g, 1.62 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound (0.722 g, 71%)

Step 6 N-{[4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}-ethynyl)nicotinamide

N-{[4-({[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)phenyl] (methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}-ethynyl)nicotinamide (0.722 g, 1.15 mmol) was dissolved in THF (2.3 mL). The resulting solution was treated with 1M solution of TBAF in THF (2.3 mL, 2.30 mmol) causing the mixture to turn black in color. The mixture was allowed to stir for 1 h, subsequently dissolved in EtOAc (10 mL) and extracted with H₂O (3×15 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(s)), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified via column chromatography (gradient eluant mixture of EtOAc in Hexanes: 0% to 100% EtOAc) to afford the title compound in 94% yield (0.350 g, 0.682 mmol).

Example 491 N-{[4-({4-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl}methyl)phenyl] (methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide Step 1: N-{[4-(Bromomethyl)phenyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

N-{[4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl] (methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide (0.1 g, 0.195 mmol) and CBr₄ (0.097 g, 0.293 mmol) were dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ (0.485 mL) and the resulting solution was cooled to 0° C. PPh₃ (0.858 g, 0.293 mmol) was dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ (0.250 mL) and then added dropwise to the 0° C. reaction mixture. Subsequently the reaction was allowed to warm to room temperature and stir for ˜1.5 h. The reaction was then diluted with CH₂Cl₂ (5 mL) and the resulting organic mixture was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of NaHCO₃ (5 mL), then with brine (5 mL). The organic layer was dried anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(s)), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was then taken on without further purification.

Step 2: N-{[4-({4-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl}methyl)phenyl](methyl)-oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

Crude N-{[4-(Bromomethyl)phenyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide was dissolved in THF (2 mL). 2-(2-piperazin-1-yl-ethoxy)-ethanol (0.064 g, 0.390 mmol) and TEA (0.054 mL, 0.390 mmol) were then added to the solution and the resulting reaction mixture was allowed to stir for 1 h at rt. The reaction mixture, subsequently, was dissolved in EtOAc and then extracted with H₂O (2×mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(s)), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified via column chromatography (gradient eluant mixture of MeOH in EtOAc: 0% to 20% MeOH) to afford the title compound (0.064 g, 49% overall for step 1 and 2).

Example 492 Methyl 3-{4-[N-({6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]phenyl}propanoate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 480 (step 6), 6-Amino-5-{3-[(2,5-dimethyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carbonyl)-amino]-phenylethynyl}-nicotinic acid (0.250 g, 0.666 mmol) and methyl 3-(4-(S-methylsulfonimidoyl)-phenyl)propanoate (0.160 g, 0.666 mmol) were reacted to give the title compound (0.167 g, 42%)

Example 493 3-{4-[N-({6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]-amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]phenyl}propanoic acid

In a manner similar to that described for Example 481, methyl 3-{4-[N-({6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}-phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]-phenyl}propanoate (0.167 g, 0.280 mmol) was converted to the title compound (0.150 g, 89%)

Example 494 3-[4-(N-{[6-amino-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)-pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-methylsulfonimidoyl)phenyl]propanoic acid Step 1: 6-Amino-5-{3-[(3-methyl-furan-2-carbonyl)-amino]-phenylethynyl}-nicotinic acid methyl ester

In a 4 mL vial, N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-3-methylfuran-2-carboxamide (0.607 g, 2.70 mmol) and methyl 6-amino-5-iodonicotinate (0.5 g, 1.80 mmol) were dissolved in DMF (6 mL). The solution was degassed by bubbling N_(2(g)) through it for ˜30 min. To the degassed solution was added DIPEA (1.25 mL, 7.19 mmol), followed by Pd(PPh₃)₂Cl₂ (0.126 g, 0.18 mmol) and CuI (0.068 g, 0.360 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to stir at 50° C. for 3 h. The reaction mixture then was taken up in EtOAc (10 mL) and was extracted with brine (3×10 mL). The organic layers were combined and concentrated in vacuo. The crude mixture was purified via column chromatography (gradient eluant mixture of EtOAc in Hexanes: 25% to 100% EtOAc) to give the title compound as a white solid (0.554 g, 82%).

Step 2: 6-Amino-5-{3-[(3-methyl-furan-2-carbonyl)-amino]-phenylethynyl}-nicotinic acid

Methyl 6-amino-5-((3-(3-methylfuran-2-carboxamido)phenyl)ethynyl)nicotinate (0.550 g, 1.47 mmol) was dissolved in THF (15 mL) and then treated with 1.0 M NaOH (7.33 mL, 7.33 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to 50° C. Once the reaction was done by TLC, the reaction was cooled to room temperature and then acidified with acetic acid. The reaction mixture was taken up in of EtOAc (˜15 mL) then extracted with H₂O (2×15 mL). The water layer then was re-washed with EtOAc (˜15 mL) and the combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(s)). The mixture was then filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (0.495 g, 1.37 mmol).

Step 3: Methyl 3-[4-(N-{[6-amino-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}-ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-methylsulfonimidoyl)phenyl]propanoate

6-Amino-5-((3-(3-methylfuran-2-carboxamido)phenyl)ethynyl)nicotinic acid (0.1 g, 0.277 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (2.8 mL). EDCI (0.64 g, 0.332 mmol) and DMAP (3.42 mg, 0.028 mmol) were then added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 20 minutes. Methyl 3-(4-(S-methylsulfonimidoyl)-phenyl)propanoate (0.068 g, 0.277 mmol) was then added, and the reaction was allowed to stir for 3 hours at 60° C. The mixture was cooled to room temperature then taken up in EtOAc (10 mL) and extracted with brine (3×10 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na₂SO_(4(s)), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was then purified over silica purified via column chromatography (gradient eluant mixture of MeOH in EtOAc: 0% to 10% MeOH) to give the title compound (0.060 g, 37%).

Step 4 3-[4-(N-{[6-amino-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)-pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-methylsulfonimidoyl)phenyl]propanoic acid

In a manner similar to that described in Example 481, methyl 3-(4-(N-(6-amino-5-((3-(3-methylfuran-2-carboxamido)phenyl)ethynyl)-nicotinoyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl)phenyl)propanoate (0.060 g, 0.103 mmol) was converted to the title compound in (0.040 g, 68%).

Example 495 6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide Step 1 N-(3-iodophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide

To a solution of 3-iodoaniline (131 mg, 0.60 mmol) in 1.5 ml pyridine at room temperature was added over 2 minutes a solution of 1,3-dimethylpyrazole-5-carbonyl chloride (79 mg, 0.50 mmol) in 0.3 ml 1,2-dichloroethane. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, quenched into a NaHCO₃ solution, and extracted into EtOAc. The EtOAc solution was washed with NaHCO₃ solution, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The resultant gummy solid was recrystallized from hexane/EtOAc to give the title compound as solid white needles (135 mg, 80%).

Step 2 6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

A mixture of 6-amino-5-ethynyl-N-[methyl(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (42 mg, 0.14 mmol), N-(3-iodophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (57 mg, 0.17 mmol), triethylamine (0.049 ml, 0.35 mmol), dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) (8 mg, 0.011 mmol), and triphenylphosphine (1.8 mg, 0.007 mmol) in 1.2 ml DMF at room temperature was degassed using a H₂/N₂ (1:1) mixture and then copper(I)iodide (1.3 mg, 0.007 mmol) added. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes and then partitioned between EtOAc and saturated NaHCO₃/brine mixture. The EtOAc layer was washed with NaHCO₃/brine mixture, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The orange oil was chromatographed eluting with hexane/acetone to give the title compound as a light tan solid (64 mg, 90%).

Example 496 Step 1 [3-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl]acetic acid

In a manner similar to that described in Example 480 (step 3), 3-(methylthio)phenylacetic acid (2.55 g, 14.0 mmol) was converted to give the title compound as a light tan solid (2.36 g, 85%).

Step 2 Methyl [3-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl]acetate

A solution of [3-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl]acetic acid (1.31 g, 6.60 mmol) and carbonyldiimidazole (1.18 g, 7.26 mmol) in 25.0 mL THF was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes, then methanol (2.1 mL, 52.8 mmol) was added. After 10 minutes the reaction was briefly warmed to near reflux temperature, then allowed to cool to room temperature. After 20 minutes, the reaction was partitioned between EtOAc and NaHCO₃/brine mixture. The EtOAc layer was washed with dilute brine, dilute HCl solution, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated to give the title compound as a yellow-orange oil (1.14 g, 82%).

Step 3 Methyl {3-[S-methyl-N-(trifluoroacetyl)sulfonimidoyl]phenyl}acetate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 480 (step 4), methyl [3-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl]acetate (1.18 g, 5.54 mmol), was converted to the title compound as a white solid (1.23 g, 68%).

Step 4 Methyl [3-(S-methylsulfonimidoyl)phenyl]acetate

In a manner similar that described in Example 480 (step 5), methyl {3-[S-methyl-N-(trifluoroacetyl)sulfonimidoyl]phenyl}acetate (1.29 g, 3.98 mmol) was converted to the title compound as a cloudy white oil (849 mg, 94%).

Step 5 Methyl (3-{N-[(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)carbonyl]-S-methylsulfonimidoyl}phenyl)acetate

To a solution of 5-bromonicotinic acid (648 mg, 3.21 mmol), methyl [3-(S-methylsulfonimidoyl)phenyl]acetate (802 mg, 3.53 mmol), and catalytic DMAP in 15.0 ml DMF at room temperature was added 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (738 mg, 3.85 mmol). The reaction was stirred 1 hour at room temperature then added to EtOAc. The EtOAc solution was washed with dilute brine, NaHCO₃ solution, brine, dilute HCl/brine mixture, brine/NaHCO₃ solution, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The oil was chromatographed eluting with CHCl₃/EtOAc to give viscous clear oil (994 mg, 75%).

Step 6 methyl {3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]phenyl}acetate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 460, methyl (3-{N-[(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)carbonyl]-S-methylsulfonimidoyl}phenyl)acetate (202 mg, 0.492 mmol) and N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (153 mg, 0.64 mmol), were converted to the title compound as a light yellow solid foam (275 mg, 98%).

Example 497 {3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]phenyl}acetic acid

A 50 ml THF solution of methyl {3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]phenyl}acetate (216 mg, 0.38 mmol) and 0.5M NaOH (6.1 ml, 3.04 mmol) was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction was quenched with acetic acid (0.174 ml, 3.04 mmol) and rotary evaporated to remove the THF solvent. Additional impure lots of product (22 mg) were combined and the aqueous mixture partitioned between EtOAc and NaHCO₃ solution. The EtOAc layer was extracted with another portion of NaHCO₃ solution. The combined basic aqueous layers were adjusted to pH 4 using 10% HCl and extracted with EtOAc. The combined EtOAc layers were washed with brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The off-white solid foam was chromatographed eluting with CHCl₃/MeOH and then recrystallized from a mixture of CHCl₃/EtOAc/MeCN to give white solid (144 mg, 62%).

Example 498 Step 1 3-(methylsulfinyl)benzoic acid

In a manner similar to that described in Example 480 (step 3), 3-(methylthio)benzoic acid (3.03 g, 18.0 mmol) to give the title compound as a white solid (3.11 g, 94%).

Step 2 Methyl 3-(methylsulfinyl)benzoate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 496 (step 2), 3-(methylsulfinyl)benzoic acid was converted to the title compound.

Step 3 Methyl 3-(S-methylsulfonimidoyl)benzoate

A solution of methyl 3-(methylsulfinyl)benzoate (3.23 g, 16.3 mmol), 2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide (3.69 g, 32.6 mmol), magnesium oxide (1.97 g, 48.9 mmol), rhodium(II)acetate dimer (0.18 g, 0.408 mmol), and iodobenzene diacetate (7.88 g, 24.5 mmol) in 150 ml dichloromethane was stirred at room temperature. After 16 hours, the mixture was filtered past filter agent (Celite), rinsed with chloroform, and rotary evaporated. The sample was dissolved in EtOAc, washed with brine/dilute HCl, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The yellow-orange oil was dissolved in 60 ml MeOH, K₂CO₃ (6.76 g, 48.9 mmol) added, and the mixture stirred at room temperature for 12 minutes. The MeOH filtrate was decanted from the solids, which were then rinsed with MeOH and EtOAc. The pH of the combined organic filtrates were adjusted to pH 2 using 4% HCl, then the aqueous layer diluted by adding H₂O. The aqueous layer was washed with 30% EtOAc in hexane, then the pH adjusted to pH 9 with saturated Na₂CO₃. The aqueous layer was extracted with CHCl₃, the combined CHCl₃ layers washed with brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated to give the title compound as a light tan solid (2.58 g, 74%).

Step 4 Methyl 3-{N-[(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)carbonyl]-S-methylsulfonimidoyl}benzoate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 480 (step 6), 5-bromonicotinic acid and methyl 3-(S-methylsulfonimidoyl)benzoate were reacted to give the title compound.

Step 5 methyl 3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]benzoate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 460, methyl 3-{N-[(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)carbonyl]-S-methylsulfonimidoyl}benzoate and N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide were reacted to give the title compound.

Example 499 3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]benzoic acid

A 50 ml THF solution of methyl 3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]benzoate (228 mg, 0.41 mmol) and 0.5M NaOH (6.6 ml, 3.28 mmol) was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction was quenched with acetic acid (0.188 ml, 3.28 mmol) and rotary evaporated to remove the THF solvent. The aqueous solution was partitioned between EtOAc and dilute HCl/brine mixture, the EtOAc layer washed with brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated to white solid foam. The solid was combined with impure product from another lot (14 mg) and recrystallized from EtOAc/hexane to give the title compound as a white solid (147 mg, 62%).

Example 500 5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-{[(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)amino]carbonyl}phenyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

A solution of 3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]benzoic acid (20 mg, 0.036 mmol) and 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (12 mg, 0.072 mmol) in 0.8 ml THF was stirred at room temperature for 35 minutes. Then 4-(2-aminoethyl)morpholine (0.009 ml, 0.072 mmol) was added, stirred 30 minutes at room temperature, and the mixture added to EtOAc. The EtOAc solution was washed with NaHCO₃ solution, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The clear film was chromatographed eluting with CHCl₃/MeOH and then chromatographed again using a preparative TLC plate (eluted with 8:2/CHCl₃:MeOH) to afford an off-white solid foam (19 mg, 81%).

Example 501 5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[methyl(3-{2-[(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}phenyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 500, {3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]phenyl}acetic acid and 4-(2-aminoethyl)morpholine were reacted to give the title compound (54%).

Example 502 N-{[3-({[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]amino}carbonyl)phenyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

To a solution of 3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]benzoic acid (52 mg, 0.096 mmol), 2-diethylaminoethylamine (0.016 ml, 0.115 mmol), and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.034 ml, 0.192 mmol) in 3.0 ml DMF at room temperature was added benzotriazole-1-yl-oxy-tris-(dimethylamino)-phosphoniumhexafluorophosphate (47 mg, 0.106 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours, and then partitioned between EtOAc and dilute brine. The EtOAc layer was washed with saturated NaHCO₃ solution, dilute brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The yellow oil (combined 7 mg impure product from another lot) was chromatographed eluting with EtOAc/MeOH, then rechromatographed using a preparative TLC plate (eluted with (1:1:2.5) CHCl₃:EtOAc:MeOH plus NH₄OH) to give the title compound as a white solid foam (28 mg).

Example 503 {3-[N-({6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]phenyl}acetic acid

A solution of methyl {3-[N-({6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]phenyl}acetate (13 mg, 0.021 mmol) and 1.0M NaOH (0.171 ml, 0.171 mmol) in 2.0 ml MeOH and 0.1 ml H₂O was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour 10 minutes. The pH of the mixture was adjusted to pH 4 using 10% HCl, brine added, and the aqueous extracted with EtOAc. The combined EtOAc layers were washed with brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The white solid was triturated with hot EtOAc to give white solid (11 mg, 92%).

Example 504 methyl 3-[N-({6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]benzoate

To a solution of 6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinic acid (68 mg, 0.18 mmol), methyl 3-(S-methylsulfonimidoyl)benzoate (42 mg, 0.198 mmol), and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.063 ml, 0.36 mmol) in 1.5 ml DMF at room temperature was added benzotriazole-1-yl-oxy-tris-(dimethylamino)-phosphoniumhexafluorophosphate (88 mg, 0.198 mmol). The reaction was heated at 60° C. for 3.5 hours, then at 48° C. for 16.5 hours. The mixture was partitioned between EtOAc and dilute brine. The EtOAc layer was washed with NaHCO₃ solution, dilute HCl, NaHCO₃ solution, brine, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The dark foam was chromatographed eluting with hexane/acetone yielding light pink solid (38 mg, 37%).

Example 505 3-[N-({6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]benzoic acid

In a manner similar to that described in Example 503, methyl 3-[N-({6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]benzoate was converted to the title compound.

Example 506 N-[(3-hydroxypropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide Step 1 (S)-tert-butyl(dimethyl)[3-(S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)propoxy]silane

To the sulfoximine (6.46 g, 41.62 mmol) solution in anhydrous CH₃CN (5 mL) at 70° C. was added dropwise N,N-diethyl-trimethylsilylamine (1.2 eq ˜1.5 eq). The reaction mixture was heated and stirred at this temperature for one hour. It was then concentrated under reduced pressure to yield slightly brown oil (9.26 g) which was dried in-vacuo. The brown oil was dissolved in anhydrous THF (40 mL) and the resulting solution was cooled to −78° C. followed by dropwise addition of nBuLi (17.1 mL, 2.5 M in hexanes). The reaction mixture was stirred 10 min at −78° C. and then 20 min at 0° C. After hexamethylphosphoramide (13.5 mL) was added, the reaction mixture was cooled back to −78° C. followed by dropwise addition of 2-bromoethoxy-tert-butyl-dimethylsilane over a few minutes. The reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for about an hour and allowed to warm-up to room temperature within 4 hours. The reaction mixture was then concentrated at room temperature under reduced pressure. The oily residue was taken up in ether (500 mL), which was subsequently washed with ice-water (2×300 mL), brine (1×), and dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ overnight. The ether layer was decanted and concentrated.

The crude oily residue was dissolved in MeOH—H₂O (16 mL, 10:1) followed by addition of CsF (1.24 g). The resulting reaction mixture was heated to 50° C. for one hour. It was then concentrated under reduced pressure and the yellow oily residue was partitioned between EtOAc (500 mL) and H₂O (300 mL). The organic layer was separated and washed subsequently with H₂O (2×), brine (1×), and dried (Anhydrous Na₂SO₄). The EtOAc layer was decanted and concentrated. The title compound was isolated as clear oil (6.65 g) upon gradient column chromatography (EtOAc-Hex: from 1:25 to 1:2). The overall yield is 51% for total of three steps.

Step 2 (S)-5-bromo-N-[(3-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}propyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

To the solution of (S)-tert-butyl(dimethyl)[3-(S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)propoxy]silane (1.55 g, 4.95 mmol) in DMF (15 mL) at room temperature was added N,N-diisopropylethylamine (1.72 mL), 3-bromonicotinic acid (1.07 g), and finally the coupling reagent, (benzotriazol-1-yloxy)-tris(dimethylamino)-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (2.48 g). The reaction was stirred for 15 min and then poured into saturated aqueous NaHCO₃. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAC (1×), which was subsequently washed with aqueous NaHCO₃, brine (1×), and dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄. The organic layer was decanted, concentrated, and the oily residue was subject to a gradient column chromatography (EtOAc-Hex: from 1:20 to 1:6) yielding the title compound as an amber oil (2.39 g, 97%).

Step 3 (S)—N-[(3-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}propyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

To the solution of (S)-5-bromo-N-[(3-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}propyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide (1.9 g, 3.82 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (19 mL) under nitrogen atmosphere was added sequentially 3-methyl-furan-2-carboxylic acid (3-ethynyl-phenyl)-amide (1.72 g), triethylamine (2.13 mL), bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) dichloride (268 mg), and triphenylphosphine (25 mg). The reaction system was placed under a N₂—H₂ (1:1) atmosphere and CuI (145 mg) was added in one portion. After the reaction mixture was stirred and heated at 60° C. for 1.5 hours, it was poured into saturated aqueous NaHCO₃. The aqueous was extracted with EtOAc (1×), which was subsequently washed with aqueous NaHCO₃ (1×), brine (1×), and dried (anhydrous Na₂SO₄). The organic layer was decanted, evaporated and wrapped with silica gel. Two times column chromatography (EtOAc-Hex: from 1:4 to 1:2; and MeOH—CH₂Cl₂: 1:100) gave the title compound as yellow foam (2.2 g, 90%).

Step 4 (S)—N-[(3-hydroxypropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

To the solution of (S)—N-[(3-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}propyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide (2.2 g, 3.43 mmol) in anhydrous THF (60 mL) at 0° C. was added dropwise tert-butylammonium fluoride (7.2 mL, 1 M in THF) and the reaction was stirred at 0° C. for 1 hour. The yellow reaction solution was then concentrated at room temperature to give a red oil. The oily residue was diluted with EtOAc, which was washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ (2×), brine (1×), and then dried (anhydrous Na₂SO₄). The organic layer was decanted, concentrated, and the resulting oily residue was chromatographed (MeOH—CH₂Cl₂: from 1:100 to 1:50) yielding the title compound as a clear oil which turned into white foam in-vacuo (1.72 g, 95%).

Example 507 (S)—N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

N-[(3-hydroxypropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide (1.71 g, 3.24 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous CH₂Cl₂ (5 mL) and the resulting solution was cooled to 0° C. A solution of carbon tetrabromide (1.565 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (3 mL) was added dropwise followed by a dropwise addition of a solution of triphenylphosphine (1.24 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (3 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours and then partitioned between saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ and dichloromethane. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (1×), dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄, and concentrated with silica gel under reduced pressure. A gradient column chromatography (acetone-hex: from 1:10 to 1:4) rendered title compound as white solid in amount of 1.56 g (82%).

Example 508 (S)—N-[(3-{4-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl}propyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

To the solution of N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide (450 mg, 0.76 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (5 mL) was added dropwise 1-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl]piperazine. The resulting reaction solution was stirred and heated at 80° C. for 30 min. It was then partitioned between saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ and EtOAc. The EtOAc layer was separated and washed with brine (1×). The aqueous NaHCO₃ layer was extracted with CHCl₃ (1×) and the extract was washed with brine (1×). The organic layers were combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The organic solution was decanted, concentrated, and wrapped with silica gel. Column chromatography (MeOH-EtOAc from 1:10 to 1:6) rendered the title compound as white foam in amount of 500 mg (96%).

Example 509 (S)—N-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl](oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 508, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and diethylamine were converted to the title compound.

Example 510 (S)—N-[{3-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]propyl}(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 508, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and 2-hydroxyethylamine were converted to the title compound.

Example 511 N-{[3-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl](oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 508, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and 3-hydroxypyrrolidine were converted to the title compound.

Example 512 N-[{3-[(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)(methyl)amino]propyl}(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 508, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and 3-methylamino-1,2-propanediol were converted to the title compound.

Example 513 (S)—N-{[3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholin-4-yl)propyl] (oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 508, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and thiomorpholine-1,1-dioxide were converted to the title compound.

Example 514 (S)—N-[{3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl}(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 508, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and 1-piperazineethanol were converted to the title compound.

Example 515 N-{[3-(3-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)propyl] (oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for example 508, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and 3-fluoropiperidine were converted to the title compound.

Example 516 (S)—N-{[3-(3,3-difluoropiperidin-1-yl)propyl](oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 508, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and 3,3-difluoropiperidine were converted to the title compound.

Example 517 (S)-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)-N-[(3-morpholin-4-ylpropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 508, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and morpholine were converted to the title compound.

Example 518 5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)-N-[oxido(phenyl) {3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)piperidin-1-yl]propyl}-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for example 508, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and 3-(trifluoromethyl)piperidine were converted to the title compound.

Example 519 (S)—N-{[3-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)propyl](oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 508, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and 4-hydroxypiperidine were converted to the title compound.

Example 520 (S)—N-[{3-[(2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino]propyl}(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 508, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and 2-methylaminoethanol were converted to the title compound.

Example 521 5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)-N-[(3-{methyl[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexyl]amino}propyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 508, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and 1-deoxy-1-(methyl amino)-D-galactitol were converted to the title compound.

Example 522 (S)—N-[(3-azidopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for Example 508, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and sodium azide were converted to the title compound.

Example 523 (S)—N-[(3-aminopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for example 508, (S)—N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and ammonia were converted to the title compound.

Example 524 (S)—N-[(3-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}propyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 506 (step 3), (S)-5-bromo-N-[(3-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}propyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide and N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide are converted to the title compound.

Example 525 (S)-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-hydroxypropyl)(oxido)phenyl-lambda-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 506 (step 4), (S)—N-[(3-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}propyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide is converted to the title compound.

Example 526 (S)—N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-4-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 507, (S)-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-hydroxypropyl)(oxido)phenyl-lambda-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide is converted to the title compound.

Example 527 (S)—N-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl](oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for example 508, (S)—N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-4-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide and diethylamine were converted to the title compound.

Example 528 (S)-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[{3-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]propyl}(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for example 508, (S)—N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-4-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide and hydroxyethylamine were converted to the title compound.

Example 529 (S)-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[{3-[(2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino]propyl}(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for example 508, (S)—N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-4-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide and 2-methylaminoethanol were converted to the title compound.

Example 530 (S)—N-{[3-(dimethylamino)propyl](oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for example 508, (S)—N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide and dimethylamine were converted to the title compound.

Example 531 (S)-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[(3-{4-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl}propyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described for example 508, (S)—N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-4-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide and 1-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl]piperazine were converted to the title compound.

Example 532 (S)-Ethyl (N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)acetate Step 1 5-{3-[(3-Methyl-furan-2-carbonyl)-amino]-phenylethynyl}-nicotinic acid

In a manner similar to that described for Example 480 (step 1), 3-methyl-furan-2-carboxylic acid (3-ethynyl-phenyl)-amide and 5-bromo nicotinic acid were reacted to provide the title compound.

Step 2 (S)-Ethyl (N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)acetate

To a solution of ethyl (S)—(S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)acetate (139 mg, 0.61 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (3 mL) at room temperature was added 5-{3-[(3-Methyl-furan-2-carbonyl)-amino]-phenylethynyl}-nicotinic acid (233 mg), catalytic amount of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine, and N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (141 mg). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction was then poured into aqueous HCl (0.5%) and extracted with EtOAc. After the aqueous layer was separated, solid sodium chloride was added and the resulting aqueous mixture was extracted again with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, washed with brine (1×), saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ (1×), then brine (1×), and finally dried with sodium sulfate. The upper solution was decanted, concentrated, and the yellow oily residue was subject to a column chromatography (silica gel, gradient elution EtOAc-Hex from 1:5 to 1:1.5) to give the title compound as a white foam (147 mg, 43%).

Example 533 N-{[2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl] (oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

To the solution of (S)-ethyl (N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)acetate (4.03 g, 7.26 mmol) in anhydrous THF (75 mL) was added dropwise 3-pyrrolidinol (6.0 mL) and the resulting reaction solution was heated at 65° C. for 5 hours. The reaction was then concentrated under reduced pressure and the yellow oily residue was partitioned between aqueous NH₄Cl and EtOAc. The organic layer was separated and washed sequentially with brine (1×), saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ (1×), brine (1×), and finally dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate overnight. The clear solution was decanted and concentrated. The oily residue was subject to multiple times of column chromatography (eg. from CH₂Cl₂ to MeOH—CH₂Cl₂ 1:25 or from EtOAc-Hex 3:1 to MeOH-EtOAc 1:100) the title compound as white foam (2.35 g, 54%).

It has been found that the above compound is a mixture of two diasterioisomers.

Example 534 N-[{2-[(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)(methyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

To the solution of (S)-ethyl (N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)acetate (3.5 g, 6.3 mmol) in anhydrous THF (50 mL) was added dropwise 3-methylamino-1,2-propanediol (6.77 g) and the resulting reaction solution was heated at 75° C. for 8.5 hours. The reaction was then concentrated under reduced pressure and the yellow oily residue was partitioned between aqueous NH₄Cl and EtOAc. The organic layer was separated and washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ (1×), brine (1×), and dried with sodium sulfate. The upper clear solution was decanted and evaporated, the resulting yellowish foamy residue was subjected to a gradient column chromatography (from EtOAc-Hex 6:1 to MeOH-EtOAc 1:50) yielding the title compound as white foam in amount of 2.56 g (66%).

Example 535 (S)—N-{[2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl](oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 534, (S)-Ethyl (N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)acetate and methylamine were reacted to give the title compound

Example 536 (S)—N-{[2-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl] (oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 534, (S)-Ethyl (N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)acetate and 4-hydroxypiperidine were reacted to give the title compound

Example 537 (S)-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)-N-[oxido(2-oxo-2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethyl)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 534, (S)-Ethyl (N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)acetate and pyrrolidine were reacted to give the title compound

Example 538 N-{[2-(3-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl](oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 534, (S)-Ethyl (N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)acetate and 3-hydroxypiperidine were reacted to give the title compound

Example 539 (S)-Ethyl 1-[(N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)acetyl]piperidine-3-carboxylate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 534, (S)-Ethyl (N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)acetate and ethyl nipecotate were reacted to give the title compound

Example 540 (S)-Ethyl [N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]acetate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 532 (step 2), (S)-Ethyl (S)—(S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)acetate and 5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinic acid were reacted to give the title compound.

Example 541 (S)—N-[{2-[(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 534, (S)-Ethyl [N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]acetate and glycineamide were reacted to give the title compound

Example 542 (S)-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-{[2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 534, (S)-Ethyl [N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]acetate and methylamine were reacted to give the title compound

Example 543 (S)-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[{2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 534, (S)-Ethyl [N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]acetate and 2-hydroxyethylamine were reacted to give the title compound

Example 544 (S)-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-[{2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 534, (S)-Ethyl [N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]acetate and 2-methylaminoethanol were reacted to give the title compound

Example 545 N-[{2-[(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

In a manner similar to that described in Example 534, (S)-Ethyl [N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]acetate and 3-amino-1,2-propanediol were reacted to give the title compound

Example 546 (S)-Methyl 5-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]pentanoate Step 1 (S)-Trimethyl {[methyl(oxido)phenyl-4-sulfanylidene]amino}silane

To a stirred solution of (S)-(+)-S-methyl-5-phenylsulphoximine (621 mg, 4.0 mmol) in anhydrous acetonitrile (1 mL) at 70° C. was added (trimethylsilyl)diethylamine (1.37 mL, 7.0 mmol) dropwise. The reaction was maintained at this temperature and stirred for 2 hours, at which time the TLC showed complete conversion of the starting material into a higher R_(f) component. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and dried in vacuo yielding brown oil, which was used directly in the next step without further purification.

Step 2 (S)-9,9-dimethoxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-phenyl-10-oxa-λ⁴-thia-3-aza-2-silaundec-3-ene 4-oxide

The brown oil, obtained from last step, was dissolved in 4 mL anhydrous THF. After the solution was cooled to −78° C., n-butyllithium (1.64 mL, 2.5 M solution in hexanes) was added dropwise. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 10 min, then at 0° C. for 20 min, followed by an addition of hexamethyl phosphoramide (1.32 mL). After the reaction was cooled back to −78° C., trimethyl 4-bromo-orthobutyrate (1.1 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction was stirred and its temperature was allowed to rise to room temperature during 16 hours. The reaction mixture was then diluted with ethyl ether (250 mL) and washed with ice cold water (2×), brine (1×), and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solution was decanted and concentrated giving a brown oily residue which was used directly for next step.

Step 3 (S)-[S-(5,5,5-trimethoxypentyl)sulfonimidoyl]benzene

To the solution of the oily residue, obtained in last step, in MeOH—H₂O (10:1, 2 mL) was added cesium fluoride (91.2 mg) and the resulting reaction mixture was heated at 50° C. for 2 hours. The reaction was then concentrated and the oily residue was partitioned between cold water and EtOAc. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine (1×). After it was dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, it was concentrated for a direct use in next step.

Step 4 (S)-Methyl 5-(S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)pentanoate

The crude oil, obtained in last step, was dissolved in MeOH—H₂O (4:0.1, 20 mL) and the resulting solution was cooled in an ice-bath. A catalytic amount of pyridinium toluene-4-sulfonate was added to the reaction and it was stirred at this temperature for 1 hour. The reaction was then concentrated at room temperature to remove most part of MeOH and the residue was diluted with EtOAc. The EtOAc was washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ (2×), brine (1×), and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The organic was decanted, concentrated under reduced pressure, and wrapped with silica gel. A gradient chromatography (Et₂O-Hex from 1:1 to Et₂O) rendered the title compound as clear oil in amount of 477 mg (47% for total of 4 steps).

Step 5 (S)-Methyl 5-{N-[(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)carbonyl]-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl}pentanoate

To the solution of (S)-Methyl 5-(S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)pentanoate (475 mg, 1.86 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (6 mL) at room temperature under nitrogen atmosphere was added diisopropylethylamine (0.65 μL), 5-bromonicotinic acid (0.38 g), and (benzotriazol-1-yloxy)-tris(dimethylamino)-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (0.81 g). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred for about 15 min at room temperature and then poured into saturated aqueous NaHCO₃. The aqueous was extracted with EtOAc (1×), which was then washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ and brine (v:v 1:1, 2×), brine (1×), and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solution was decanted and concentrated with silica gel. A column chromatography (EtOAc-Hex 1:2) rendered the title compound as slightly yellow colored solid in amount of (616 mg, 75%).

Step 6 (S)-Methyl 5-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]pentanoate

To the flame-dried 100 mL round bottom flask containing (S)-Methyl 5-{N-[(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)carbonyl]-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl}pentanoate (609 mg, 1.39 mmol), N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (0.50 g), triethylamine (0.77 mL), bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) dichloride (97.3 mg), and triphenylphosphine (9.1 mg) under nitrogen/hydrogen (1:1) atmosphere at room temperature was added copper(I)iodide (52.8 mg). The resulting reaction mixture was heated and stirred at 60° C. for 1 hour. It was then diluted with EtOAc, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ (2×), brine (1×), and finally dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solution was decanted and concentrated with silica gel. Chromatography (EtOAc-Hex from 1:2 to 3:2) yielded the title compound as white foam in amount of (712 mg, 86%).

Example 547 N-[{5-[(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)(methyl)amino]-5-oxopentyl}(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide

To the solution of 3-methylamino-1,2-propanediol (180 mg) in anhydrous THF was added (S)-Methyl 5-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]pentanoate (100 mg, 0.17 mmol). The reaction solution was heated to 50° C. for 2 hours and then the temperature was raised to 70° C. for 17 hours. Further 3-methylamino-1,2-propanediol (100 mg) was added, and the reaction was stirred and heated at 85° C. for an additional 24 hours. The reaction mixture was then partitioned between saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ and EtOAc. The organic layer was isolated and washed with brine (1×), dried (anhydrous Na₂SO₄) and concentrated. Upon a gradient column chromatography (MeOH-EtOAc from 1:50 to 1:15) the title compound was obtained as a clear oil (74 mg, 66%) which gave a white foamy solid upon standing in vacuo.

Example 548 (S)-5-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]pentanoic acid

To the solution of (S)-Methyl 5-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]pentanoate (120 mg, 0.2 mmol) in THF (4 mL) at 0° C. was added dropwise a solution of aqueous NaOH (0.5 N, 2.0 mL). After the reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 2 hours, 2 N HCl was carefully added to adjust the pH ˜5 followed by a partition between aqueous NH₄Cl and EtOAc. The EtOAc layer was further washed with brine once and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The organic layer was decanted, concentrated and subject to a gradient column chromatography (from EtOAc to MeOH-EtOAc 1:5) yielding the title compound as white foam in amount of (85 mg, 73%).

Example 549 (S)-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]-N-{[5-(hydroxyamino)-5-oxopentyl](oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}nicotinamide

At 0° C. to the solution of 5-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]pentanoic acid (50 mg, 0.086 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) was added hydroxylamine hydrochloride (30 mg), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (20 mg), (benzotriazol-1-yloxy)-tris(dimethylamino)-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (57 mg), and triethylamine (84 μL). The reaction mixture was stirred at this temperature for 30 min. The reaction was then poured into aqueous NH₄Cl and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was isolated, washed further with brine once, and dried (anhydrous Na₂SO₄). A gradient column chromatography (MeOH—CH₂Cl₂ from 1:100 to 1:5) gave the title compound as white foam (37 mg, 71%).

Example 550 Methyl rel-(2R,4S)-1-{3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-R-phenylsulfonimidoyl]propyl}-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylate

The mixture of N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide (200 mg, 0.33 mmol), L-4-hydroxyproline methyl ester hydrochloride (126 mg), and sodium bicarbonate (167 mg) in anhydrous acetonitrile (2 mL) in a seal tube was stirred and heated at 90° C. for 5 hours. After it was cooled to room temperature, the reaction was diluted with EtOAc. The organic was washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ (2×), brine (1×), and then dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solution layer was decanted, concentrated, and the oily residual was chromatographed (EtOAc-Hex 1:1 to neat EtOAc) yielding the title compound as colorless oil in amount of 128 mg (58%).

Example 551 (S)-Methyl ({3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]propyl}amino)acetate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 550, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide and glycine methyl ester were reacted to give the title compound.

Example 552 Methyl 2-({3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]propyl}amino)-3-hydroxypropanoate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 550, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide and 2-amino-3-hydroxypropionic acid methyl ester were reacted to give the title compound.

Example 553 Ethyl 1-{3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]propyl}piperidine-3-carboxylate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 550, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide and ethyl nipecotate were reacted to give the title compound.

Example 554 Methyl 2-({3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]propyl}amino)-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 550, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinamide and histidine methyl ester were reacted to give the title compound.

Example 555 rel-(2R,4S)-1-{3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-R-phenylsulfonimidoyl]propyl}-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid

Methyl rel-(2R,4S)-1-{3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-R-phenylsulfonimidoyl]propyl}-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylate (116 mg, 0.17 mmol) was dissolved in THF (3.5 mL) and the resulting solution was cooled in an ice-bath. After aqueous NaOH (0.5 N, 1.75 mL) was dropwise added, the reaction was stirred at 0° C. for 30 min. The reaction was then diluted with ice water followed by a pH adjustment to 3˜4 with 2 N HCl. The reaction was further diluted with saturated brine, and then extracted with CHCl₃-iPrOH (5:1) (2×). The organic layers were combined, dried (anhydrous Na₂SO₄), and then filtered through a plug of cotton. The filtrate was concentrated and the residue was chromatographed (MeOH—CHCl₃ 1:10 to 1:4) yielding the title compound as white solid in amount of 108 mg (95%).

Example 556 ({3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]propyl}amino)acetic acid

In a manner similar to that described in Example 555, methyl ({3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]propyl}amino)acetate was converted to the title compound

Example 557 2-({3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]propyl}amino)-3-hydroxypropanoic acid

In a manner similar to that described in Example 555, methyl 2-({3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]propyl}amino)-3-hydroxypropanoate was converted to the title compound

Example 558 1-{3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]propyl}piperidine-3-carboxylic acid

In a manner similar to that described in Example 555, ethyl 1-{3-[N-({5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl]propyl}piperidine-3-carboxylate was converted to the title compound

Example 559 (S)-Methyl {[3-(N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)propyl]amino}acetate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 550, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and glycine methyl ester are converted to the title compound.

Example 560 methyl 1-[3-(N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)propyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 550, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and 2-carboxymethyl pyrollidine are converted to the title compound.

Example 561 methyl 1-[3-(N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)propyl]pyrrolidine-3-carboxylate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 550, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and 3-carboxymethyl pyrollidine are converted to the title compound.

Example 562 ethyl 1-[3-(N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)propyl]piperidine-3-carboxylate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 550, N-[(3-bromopropyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and ethyl nipecotate are converted to the title compound.

Example 563 (S)-{[3-(N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)propyl]amino}acetic acid

In a manner similar to that described in Example 555, methyl {[3-(N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)propyl]amino}acetate is converted to the title compound.

Example 564 1-[3-(N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)propyl]pyrollidine-2-carboxylic acid

In a manner similar to that described in Example 555, methyl 1-[3-(N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)propyl]pyrollidine-2-carboxylate is converted to the title compound.

Example 565 1-[3-(N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)propyl]pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

In a manner similar to that described in Example 555, methyl 1-[3-(N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)propyl]pyrrolidine-3-carboxylate is converted to the title compound.

Example 566 1-[3-(N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)propyl]piperidine-3-carboxylic acid

In a manner similar to that described in Example 555, ethyl 1-[3-(N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}-S-phenylsulfonimidoyl)propyl]piperidine-3-carboxylate is converted to the title compound

Example 567 methyl {3-[N-({6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]phenyl}acetate Step 1 methyl 6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinate

A mixture of methyl 6-amino-5-iodonicotinate (111 mg, 0.40 mmol), N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (144 mg, 0.60 mmol), triethylamine (0.167 ml, 1.2 mmol), dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) (23 mg, 0.032 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (5.2 mg, 0.020 mmol) in 3.2 ml DMF at room temperature was degassed using vacuum and a balloon of H₂, then copper(I)iodide (3.8 mg, 0.020 mmol) added. The reaction was heated at 60° C. for 1 hour 40 minutes, then partitioned between EtOAc and dilute brine. The EtOAc layer was dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The solid was recrystallized from EtOAc/hexane to give the title compound as a yellow-tan solid (122 mg, 78%).

Step 2 6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinic acid

A solution of methyl 6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinate (51 mg, 0.13 mmol) and KOH (37 mg, 0.65 mmol) in 4.0 ml MeOH:H₂O (3:1) was heated at 65° C. for 1 hour 40 minutes. The pH of the mixture was adjusted to pH 4 using 10% HCl, brine added, and the aqueous extracted with EtOAc. The combined EtOAc layers were dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄ and rotary evaporated. The light yellow solid was triturated with hot EtOAc to give the title compound as an off-white solid (41 mg, 84%).

Step 3 methyl {3-[N-({6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)-S-methylsulfonimidoyl]phenyl}acetate

In a manner similar to that described in Example 496 (step 5), 6-amino-5-[(3-{[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)ethynyl]nicotinic acid and methyl {3-[S-methyl-N-(trifluoroacetyl)sulfonimidoyl]phenyl}acetate were reacted to give the title compound

The following is an example of the preparation and testing of one of the above compounds in a bioerodible implant formulation.

Example A Polymeric Implant for Controlled Release of the Compound of Example 508

The following experiment discloses three polymeric implants utilizing the compound of EXAMPLE 508 with release rates of low, medium, and high that were tested in vivo in a rabbit model of VEGF-induced retinal vasculopathy and characterized in vitro to determine release behaviors. All the three formulations contained 20% of the compound of EXAMPLE 508, as the active ingredient. The implants with low release rate contained 40% R207/40% RG503H and released 18.7% of the compound in 5 days in rabbit eyes. Those with medium release rate contained 60% R207/20% RG503H and released 45.2% in the same period of time. The in vivo release rates correlated well with those in vitro. The results of the in vitro release also indicated the release kinetics of these two formulations was close to zero-order. The release rate of the fast release implants containing poly(ε-caprolactone) was approximately 4 times as high as that of the medium release implants in the first day, but decreased rapidly to a comparable level after 4 days. (Poly(ε-caprolactone may be referred to as PCL, below.)

Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM) examination indicated the pores in different shapes formed in the implants during release. In the implants containing 60% R207 and 20% RG503H, the pores were predominantly tubular shaped; while in those containing 40% R207 and 40% RG503H, the pores were mainly spherical. The tubular pores resulted in a surprising increase in surface area, which led to higher release rate.

RG503H degraded more significantly than R207 did both in vitro and in vivo. However, the degradation rate of the two polymers in vitro was similar to that in rabbit eyes, suggesting hydrolysis was the dominant degradation mechanism. The results also implied that in vitro degradation rate of these two polymers could be used for the prediction of their degradation rate in rabbit eyes.

EXAMPLE 508 degradation was observed in both the in vitro and in vivo studies. It was found that the compound of EXAMPLE 508 caused degradation of both R207 and RG503H during extrusion.

Preparation of the Implants

The compound of EXAMPLE 508 and the polymers were accurately weighed according to the formula given in Tables A1 and A2, mixed and dissolved in 4 mL DCM. The solutions were cast into Teflon dishes and dried in a fume hood for 20 hours and then in a vacuum oven for additional 3 hours. The dried membranes were cut into small pieces and extruded into filaments using a piston extruder. A nozzle with a diameter of 440 μm was used. The extrusion temperatures were 90° C. for the formulations containing PLA and PLGA and 75° C. for those containing PCL. The filaments were cut into 7 mm long implants for both in vitro release tests and in vivo evaluation. The implants for in vivo evaluation were loaded into applicators and packed individually in aluminum foil bags. No further sterilization was performed.

TABLE A1 Composition (%) of the implant formulations for the in vitro tests EXAMPLE 508 R207 RG503H RG502 PCL R203 20 40 40 0 0 0 20 40 0 40 0 0 10 45 0 45 0 0 20 0 0 0 80 0 20 60 20 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 80

TABLE A2 Composition (%) of the implant formulations for the in vivo tests EXAMPLE 508 R207 RG503H PCL 0 50 50 0 20 40 40 0 0 75 25 0 20 60 20 0 0 0 0 100 20 0 0 80 In Vitro Release of EXAMPLE 508 from the Implants

The in vitro release study was carried out in an incubator at 37° C. shaking at 120 rpm. The release medium was 0.02% Polysorbate 80 containing 10 mM phosphate buffered saline, pH7.4. The medium and implants were placed in 20 mL scintillation vials. At given time points, the medium containing released EXAMPLE 508 was collected and replaced with fresh medium. The concentration of the compound in the release medium was analyzed using HPLC.

Surface Morphology of the Implants

The surface morphology of the implants was examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). A Zeiss EVO 40 microscope was used. The samples were coated with a thin layer of gold using a K550X Sputter Coater (Emitech Ltd., Kent, UK). The images were acquired using a Secondary Electron Detector.

Degradation of the Polymers

Degradation of polymers of the implants in vitro and in rabbit eyes was examined using Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC). Alliance 2695 Liquid Chromatography system;

-   -   Waters 2414 Refractive Index Detector;

The columns were calibrated using polystyrene standards. The polymer raw materials, the cast membranes of the formulations, and the implant samples before and after release or implantation were dissolved in THF and analyzed.

Determination of In Vivo Release Rate

The release rate of the compound of EXAMPLE 508 in rabbit eyes was estimated by determining the residual content of the compound in retrieved implants after being implanted for 5 days. The retrieved implants were dried under vacuum for 20 hours. Each of the implants was dissolved in 4 mL DCM in a 20 mL scintillation vial. The solutions were dried in a fume hood and 10 mL of 50% acetonitrile in water was added to each vial to extract the compound. The concentration of the compound was analyzed using HPLC.

Results and Discussion

In vitro release profiles of 4 of the 6 implant formulations evaluated in vitro are shown in FIG. 1. All the 4 implants contained 20% EXAMPLE 508. The releases within the first 6 days from the implants containing 40% R207/40% RG503H and 40% R207/40% RG502 followed close to zero-order kinetics and the average cumulative releases were 7.5% and 5.0%, respectively. The release from the implants containing 60% R207 and 20% RG503H followed similar kinetics, but the cumulative release was much higher with a total of 36.4% initially loaded EXAMPLE 508 released during the same period of time. The release rate of the PCL implants was the highest at the beginning, approximately 4 times as high as the average rate of the 60% R207/20% RG503H implants in the first day, but decreased rapidly to a comparable level after 4 days. The implants containing 45% R207/45% RG502/10% EXAMPLE 508 and the ones containing 80% R203/20% EXAMPLE 508 had negligible release in 6 days (data were not shown).

Based on these results, the following three formulations were selected for in vivo evaluation to provide low, medium, and high release rates:

-   -   Slow release formulation: 40% R207, 40% RG503H, and 20% EXAMPLE         508;     -   Medium release formulation: 60% R207, 20% RG503H, and 20%         EXAMPLE 508;     -   Fast release formulation: 80% PCL and 20% EXAMPLE 508.

The three selected formulations were evaluated in a rabbit model of VEGF-induced retinal vasculopathy. The slow and medium release implants were used for pharmacodynamic and safety evaluations and were retrieved after 5 days in rabbit eyes for determination of residual compound and physicochemical characterization. The residual amounts of EXAMPLE 508 in the implants were determined and the results are shown in Table A3. The average cumulative releases were 18.7±1.1% (n=4) for the slow release implants and 45.2%±1.7% (n=4) for the medium release implants. Assuming zero-order release kinetics, the average release rates in the rabbit eyes were 8.0 μg/day and 21.8 μg/day, respectively. The fast release implants were used for safety evaluation only and no implants were retrieved for further characterization.

EXAMPLE 508 degradation was observed. A peak at relative retention time of 1.04 was evident on the HPLC chromatograms of both the in vitro and in vivo samples. The root cause of the degradation was unknown.

TABLE A3 Cumulative release of the compound of EXAMPLE 508 from the implants in rabbit eyes for 5 days Initial API Residual API Amount content (μg) content (μg) % Released released (μg) 213.52 173.8 18.6% 39.7 230.79 188.7 18.2% 42.1 213.52 175.6 17.7% 37.9 199.39 159.0 20.3% 40.4 Mean 18.7% 40.0 Stdev 1.1% 1.7 240.12 127.4 47.0% 112.7 229.68 130.9 43.0% 98.8 269.7  145.6 46.0% 124.1 224.46 123.9 44.8% 100.5 Mean 45.2% 109.0 Stdev 1.7% 11.8

Both the in vitro and in vivo release results indicated that the implants containing 40% R207 and 40% RG503H released slower than the ones containing 60% R207 and 20% RG503H. Generally speaking, lower glass transition temperature (Tg) of polymers leads to faster release. These results were counter-intuitive due to the fact that the Tg of RG503H was lower than the Tg of R207. To understand the release mechanism, SEM was used to examine the surface morphology of the implants before and after release. Before release, no pore was found on the surface of the implants and very few pores were found on cross-section of the implants (FIG. 2), which might have originated from air trapped during the extrusion process. SEM images of the implants after in vitro release and in vivo release are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, respectively. The images indicated that large numbers of pores formed during the releases and most importantly the shapes of the pores in the two types of implants were different. Unexpectedly, the pores in the slow release implants were mostly spherical while those in the medium release implants were tubular. Diagrammatic representations of these pores are shown in FIG. 5. The tubular pores led to a surprising increase in the surface area of the implants than the spherical ones did. While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the difference in surface areas caused the surprising difference in release rates.

Polymer degradation was examined using GPC. The GPC chromatograms shown in FIG. 6 indicated that both R207 and RG503H degraded after 5 days implantation in rabbit eyes. However, the degradation was more significant for RG503H than for R207. During the 5 days in the rabbit eyes, the relative molecular weight decreased more than 60% for RG503H compared to less than 20% for R207. Similar results were obtained for the implants after 6 days in vitro release tests.

The degradation rate in vivo was found very close to that in vitro. A comparison of the GPC chromatograms of the implants after 5 days in rabbit eyes and after 6 days in vitro release is shown in FIG. 7. The results implied that the hydrolysis was the predominant degradation mechanism of R207 and RG503H in rabbit eyes, and the degradation rate in rabbit eyes could be predicted by in vitro degradation results.

The polymers utilized in the ocular implants, described above, as well as other polymers that are preferred for preparing the implants of this invention, are as follows:

Resomer Monomer ratio i.v. dL/g (MW) RG502 50:50 poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) 0.2 RG502H 50:50 poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) 0.2 RG504 50:50 poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) 0.5 RG505 50:50 poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) 0.7 RG509 50:50 poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) 1.6 RG752 75:25 poly (D,L lactide-co-glycolide) 0.2 RG752S 50:50 poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) 0.2 RG755 50:50 poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) 0.6 (40000) R104 poly (D,L-lactide) (3500)   

All references cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

The foregoing description details specific methods and compositions that can be employed to practice the present invention, and represents the best mode contemplated. However, it is apparent for one of ordinary skill in the art that further compositions with the desired pharmacological properties can be prepared in an analogous manner. Similarly, different pharmaceutical compositions may be prepared and used with substantially the same result. Thus, however detailed the foregoing may appear in text, it should not be construed as limiting the overall scope hereof. 

1. An ocular implant comprising: a tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a polymer matrix that releases drug at a rate effective to sustain release of an amount of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor from the implant for at least about one week after the implant is placed in an eye, wherein said tyrosine kinase inhibitor is a compound represented by the following general formula I:

Wherein X is N; Y is CR¹ or N; R¹ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, OR4, CN, NO₂, COR⁴, (CH²)_(a)OR⁴, (CH₂)_(a)N(R⁴)₂, C(O)N(R⁴)₂ and N(R⁴)₂; R² is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, OR⁴, CN, NO₂, SO₂N(R⁴)₂, COR⁴, (CH₂)_(a)OR⁴, (CH₂)_(a)N(R⁴)₂, C(O)N(R⁴)₂, N(R⁴)₂ and N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R¹⁰; R³ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, OR⁴, CN, NO₂, SO₂N(R⁴)₂, COR⁴, (CH₂)_(a)OR⁴, (CH₂)_(a)N(R⁴)₂, C(O)N(R⁴)₂, N(R⁴)₂ and N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R¹⁰; R⁴ is hydrogen or C₁ to C₄ alkyl; A is selected from the group consisting of C≡C, CH═CH, CH₂CH₂, CH₂O, CF₂O, OCH₂, OCF₂, O, N(R⁴), C(O), S(O)_(e), NR⁷C(O), C(O)NR⁷ and N(R⁷)C(O)NR⁷; B is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and alkyloxyalkyl or B may be a 5 or 6 membered carbocyclic aryl or heterocyclic aryl group; E is a 5 or 6 membered carbocyclic aryl or heterocyclic aryl group; E′ is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, CF₃, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)OR¹⁰, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(R¹⁰)₂, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(OR¹⁰)(R¹⁰), (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)(OR¹⁰), (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R¹⁰)₂, and (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R¹⁰; wherein R⁷ and R⁸ are selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, hydroxyl, and alkyl or CR⁷R⁸ may represent a carbocyclic ring of from 3 to 6 carbons; and R¹⁰ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, hydroxyl, hydroxymethyl, carbocyclic aryl, heterocyclic aryl, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)OR⁶, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)R⁶, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(OR⁶)(R⁶), (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)(OR⁶), (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R⁶)₂ and (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R⁶, wherein R⁶ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, carboalkyl, alkylamine, alkylhydroxy, and alkyloxyalkyl or R⁶ is a 5 or 6 membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic group; a is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 5; b is an integer of from 2 to 5; c is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 4; d is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 5; e is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 2 and further including prodrugs, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, racemic mixtures and enantiomers of said compound.
 2. The implant of claim 1 wherein said polymer is a biodegradable polymer.
 3. The implant of claim 1 wherein B is a carbocyclic aryl or heterocyclic aryl represented by formula II below:

wherein said carbocyclic aryl and heterocyclic aryl groups are selected from the group consisting of:

wherein R is selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂H, CH₂CN, CN, SR⁶, OP(O)(OR⁶)₂, OCH₂O, HC═N—NH, N═CH—S, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)R⁶, O(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)R⁶, N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)R⁶, C(O)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)R⁶, S(O)_(e)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)R⁶, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)OR⁶, O(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)OR⁶, N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)OR⁶, C(O)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)OR⁶, S(O)_(e)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)OR⁶, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, O(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, C(O)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, S(O)_(e)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R⁶)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, O(CR⁷R⁸)_(b)N(R⁶)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(b)N(R⁶)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, C(O)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R⁶)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, S(O)_(e)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R⁶)C(O)N(R⁶)₂, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(OR⁶)(R⁶), O(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(OR⁶)(R⁶), N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(OR⁶)(R⁶), C(O)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(OR⁶)(R⁶), S(O)_(e)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)C(O)N(OR⁶)(R⁶), (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)(OR⁶), O(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)(OR⁶), N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)(OR⁶), C(O)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)(OR⁶), S(O)_(e)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)(OR⁶), (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R⁶)₂, O(CR⁷R⁸)_(b)N(R⁶)₂, N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(b)N(R⁶)₂, C(O)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R⁶)₂ S(O)_(e)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)N(R⁶)₂, (CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R⁶, O(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R⁶, N(R⁶)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R⁶, C(O)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R⁶ and, S(O)_(e)(CR⁷R⁸)_(a)R⁶.
 4. The implant of claim 1 wherein R⁶ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, dilower alkyl amine or a heterocyclic group represented by the list below or N(R⁶)₂ may represent a 3 to 7 membered heterocyclic group,

wherein R⁵ is hydrogen, halogen, simple alkyl, CF₃, hydroxyl, OR⁷, N(R⁷)₂ or NO2.
 5. The implant of claim 1 wherein E is a 5 or 6 membered carbocyclic aryl or heterocyclic aryl represented by formula III below:

wherein said carbocyclic aryl and heterocyclic aryl is selected from the group consisting of:


6. The implant of claim 1, further comprising an additional ophthalmically acceptable therapeutic agent.
 7. The implant of claim 1, wherein the tyrosine kinase inhibitor is dispersed within the biodegradable polymer matrix.
 8. The implant of claim 1, wherein the matrix comprises at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polylactides, poly(lactide-co-glycolides), polycaprolactones, derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof.
 9. The implant of claim 1, wherein the polymeric carrier is a poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) polymer.
 10. The implant of claim 2, wherein the biodegradable polymer matrix is a PLGA.
 11. The implant of claim 1 wherein the polymer matrix is a viscous aqueous carrier.
 12. The implant of claim 11, wherein the polymer matrix is a hyaluronic acid.
 13. The implant of claim 1, wherein the polymer matrix comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of poly-lactic acid (PLA), poly-glycolic acid (PGA), poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA), polyesters, poly(ortho ester), poly(phosphazine), poly(phosphate ester), polycaprolactones, gelatin, collagen, derivatives thereof, and combinations thereof.
 14. The implant of claim 1, wherein the implant comprises a first portion comprising a mixture of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a biodegradable polymer, and a different second portion comprising a biodegradable polymer substantially free of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
 15. The implant of claim 1, wherein the matrix comprises a single type of polymer, and the implant releases the tyrosine kinase inhibitor for about 70 days at a substantially linear rate.
 16. The implant of claim 1, wherein the matrix releases drug at a rate effective to sustain release of an amount of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor from the implant for more than one month from the time the implant is placed in the vitreous of the eye.
 17. The implant of claim 1, wherein the implant is structured to be placed in the vitreous of the eye.
 18. The implant of claim 1, wherein the tyrosine kinase inhibitor is provided in an amount from about 20% by weight to about 70% by weight of the implant, and the biodegradable polymer matrix comprises a poly(lactide-co-glycolide) in an amount from about 30% by weight to about 80% by weight of the implant.
 19. The implant of claim 1 formed as a rod, a wafer, or a particle.
 20. The implant of claim 1 which is formed by an extrusion process.
 21. The implant of claim 1 wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of 3-[4-(S-methyl-N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}-ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}sulfonimidoyl)phenyl]propanoic acid, (S)—N-[(3-{4-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl}propyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and N-{[2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl](oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide.
 22. The implant of claim 1 wherein said compound is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
 23. The implant of claim 22 wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of 3-[4-(S-methyl-N-{[5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}-ethynyl)pyridin-3-yl]carbonyl}sulfonimidoyl)phenyl]propanoic acid, (S)—N-[(3-{4-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl}propyl)(oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide and N-{[2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl](oxido)phenyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}-5-({3-[(3-methyl-2-furoyl)amino]phenyl}ethynyl)nicotinamide.
 24. The implant of claim 10 wherein said implant is characterized by a porous structure wherein the pores are tubularly shaped.
 25. The implant of claim 24 wherein said polymeric matrix comprises R207.
 26. The implant of claim 25 wherein said polymeric matrix comprises 60%, by weight, R207.
 27. The implant of claim 26 comprising 20%, by weight of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
 28. The implant of claim 27, wherein said tyrosine kinase inhibitor comprises 20%, by weight, of said implant. 